Skip to navigation Skip to content
  • Woodruff
  • Business
  • Health Sciences
  • Law
  • Rose
  • Oxford College
  • Theology
  • Schools
    • Undergraduate

      • Emory College
      • Oxford College
      • Business School
      • School of Nursing

      Community

      • Emory College
      • Oxford College
      • Business School
      • School of Nursing
    • Graduate

      • Business School
      • Graduate School
      • School of Law
      • School of Medicine
      • School of Nursing
      • School of Public Health
      • School of Theology
  • Libraries
    • Libraries

      • Robert W. Woodruff
      • Business
      • Chemistry
      • Health Sciences
      • Law
      • MARBL
      • Music & Media
      • Oxford College
      • Theology
    • Library Tools

      • Course Reserves
      • Databases
      • Digital Scholarship (ECDS)
      • discoverE
      • eJournals
      • Electronic Dissertations
      • EmoryFindingAids
      • EUCLID
      • ILLiad
      • OpenEmory
      • Research Guides
  • Resources
    • Resources

      • Administrative Offices
      • Emory Healthcare
      • Academic Calendars
      • Bookstore
      • Campus Maps
      • Shuttles and Parking
      • Athletics: Emory Eagles
      • Arts at Emory
      • Michael C. Carlos Museum
      • Emory News Center
      • Emory Report
    • Resources

      • Emergency Contacts
      • Information Technology (IT)
      • Outlook Web Access
      • Office 365
      • Blackboard
      • OPUS
      • PeopleSoft Financials: Compass
      • Careers
      • Human Resources
      • Emory Alumni Association
  • Browse
    • Works by Author
    • Works by Journal
    • Works by Subject
  • For Authors
    • How to Submit
    • Deposit Advice
    • Deposit Instructions
    • Author Rights
    • FAQ
    • Emory Open Access Policy
    • Open Access Fund
  • About OpenEmory
    • About OpenEmory
    • About Us
    • Citing Articles
    • Contact Us
    • Privacy Policy
    • Terms of Use
 
Contact Us

Filter Results:

Year

  • 2020 (109)
  • 2016 (105)
  • 2018 (104)
  • 2019 (99)
  • 2014 (95)
  • 2013 (92)
  • 2017 (87)
  • 2021 (86)
  • 2012 (84)
  • 2022 (68)
  • 2023 (63)
  • 2015 (55)
  • 2010 (37)
  • 2011 (34)
  • 2009 (32)
  • 2008 (23)
  • 2007 (19)
  • 2006 (14)
  • 2005 (6)
  • 2004 (4)
  • 2003 (3)
  • 2024 (3)
  • 2000 (2)
  • 2001 (2)
  • 2002 (2)
  • 1996 (1)

Author

  • Ressler, Kerry (82)
  • Jovanovic, Tanja (69)
  • Berg, Carla (42)
  • Bradley-Davino, Bekh (42)
  • Walker, Elaine (30)
  • Young, Larry (25)
  • De Waal, Frans B M (24)
  • Binder, Elisabeth B. (22)
  • Coles, Claire (21)
  • Michopoulos, Vasiliki (21)
  • Neigh, Gretchen (21)
  • Sales, Jessica (21)
  • Windle, Michael (21)
  • Addington, Jean (20)
  • Diclemente, Ralph Joseph (20)
  • Stevens, Jennifer (20)
  • Haardoerfer, Regine (19)
  • Miller, Andrew H (18)
  • Norrholm, Seth (18)
  • Waldman, Irwin (18)
  • Fani, Negar (17)
  • Howell, Leonard (17)
  • Miller, Andrew (17)
  • Powers, Abigail (17)
  • Rainnie, Donald (17)
  • Bachevalier, Jocelyne (16)
  • Bremner, J. Douglas (16)
  • Cooper, Hannah (16)
  • Felger, Jennifer (16)
  • Duncan, Erica (15)
  • Shah, Amit (15)
  • Tang, Yilang (15)
  • Smith, Alicia K (14)
  • Vaccarino, Viola (14)
  • Wilson, Mark (14)
  • Diclemente, Ralph (13)
  • Nemeroff, Charles B. (13)
  • Palmer, Rohan H. (13)
  • Rothbaum, Barbara (13)
  • Rothbaum, Barbara O (13)
  • Brennan, Patricia (12)
  • Norrholm, Seth Davin (12)
  • Parr, Lisa (12)
  • Raggi, Paolo (12)
  • Scahill, Lawrence (12)
  • Smith, Alicia (12)
  • Binder, Elisabeth (11)
  • Davis, Michael (11)
  • Dunlop, Boadie W (11)
  • Gillespie, Charles (11)
  • Hammadah, Muhammad (11)
  • Haroon, Ebrahim (11)
  • Kinkead, Becky (11)
  • Lori, Adriana (11)
  • Quyyumi, Arshed (11)
  • South, Mikle (11)
  • Sullivan, Samaah (11)
  • Bearden, Carrie E (10)
  • Bremner, James (10)
  • Calhoun, Vince (10)
  • Craighead, Linda (10)
  • Dunlop, Boadie (10)
  • Escoffery, Ngoc-Cam (10)
  • Knopik, Valerie S. (10)
  • Lahey, Benjamin B. (10)
  • Lamis, Dorian (10)
  • Lewis, Tene (10)
  • Palmer, Rohan (10)
  • Perkins, Diana O. (10)
  • Rapaport, Mark (10)
  • Rauch, Sheila (10)
  • Rilling, James K (10)
  • Sanchez, Mar (10)
  • Woods, Scott W (10)
  • Almli, Lynn (9)
  • Bearden, Carrie E. (9)
  • Cannon, Tyrone D (9)
  • Cornblatt, Barbara A (9)
  • Cubells, Joseph F (9)
  • Kable, Julie (9)
  • Komro, Kelli (9)
  • Kutner, Michael (9)
  • Mathalon, Daniel H (9)
  • Mayberg, Helen (9)
  • Nehl, Eric (9)
  • Pagnoni, Giuseppe (9)
  • Seidman, Larry J. (9)
  • Sullivan, Patrick (9)
  • Vaccarino, Laura (9)
  • Wong, Frank (9)
  • Woods, Scott W. (9)
  • van Rooij, Sanne (9)
  • Brown, Jennifer L. (8)
  • Cadenhead, Kristin S. (8)
  • Cannon, Tyrone D. (8)
  • Cornblatt, Barbara A. (8)
  • Guo, Jidong (8)
  • Hu, Xiaoping (8)
  • Kegler, Michelle C (8)
  • Mathalon, Daniel H. (8)

Subject

  • Biology, Neuroscience (300)
  • Health Sciences, Public Health (250)
  • Health Sciences, Mental Health (145)
  • Health Sciences, Epidemiology (92)
  • Biology, Genetics (78)
  • Health Sciences, Medicine and Surgery (76)
  • Psychology, Cognitive (68)
  • Psychology, Clinical (64)
  • Psychology, General (58)
  • Health Sciences, General (37)
  • Psychology, Developmental (36)
  • Biology, Biostatistics (35)
  • Health Sciences, Pharmacology (33)
  • Health Sciences, Oncology (31)
  • Psychology, Social (31)
  • Sociology, Public and Social Welfare (31)
  • Psychology, Psychobiology (28)
  • Biology, Zoology (26)
  • Health Sciences, Human Development (26)
  • Engineering, Biomedical (25)
  • Health Sciences, Radiology (24)
  • Health Sciences, Health Care Management (23)
  • Health Sciences, Nutrition (23)
  • Health Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynecology (23)
  • Health Sciences, Rehabilitation and Therapy (23)
  • Biology, Virology (18)
  • Education, Health (18)
  • Biology, Physiology (17)
  • Health Sciences, Immunology (17)
  • Psychology, Physiological (15)
  • Health Sciences, Education (13)
  • Health Sciences, Nursing (13)
  • Environmental Sciences (12)
  • Psychology, Experimental (12)
  • Health Sciences, Pathology (11)
  • Health Sciences, Toxicology (10)
  • Anthropology, Medical and Forensic (9)
  • Biology, Animal Physiology (8)
  • Biology, Molecular (8)
  • Sociology, Individual and Family Studies (8)
  • Chemistry, Biochemistry (7)
  • Biology, Bioinformatics (6)
  • Biology, Cell (6)
  • Health Sciences, Occupational Health and Safety (6)
  • Psychology, Personality (6)
  • Chemistry, Pharmaceutical (5)
  • Education, Social Sciences (5)
  • Sociology, Criminology and Penology (5)
  • Agriculture, Animal Culture and Nutrition (4)
  • Biology, General (4)
  • Computer Science (4)
  • Gender Studies (4)
  • Health Sciences, Pharmacy (4)
  • Language, Linguistics (4)
  • Sociology, Ethnic and Racial Studies (4)
  • Biology, Microbiology (3)
  • Health Sciences, Speech Pathology (3)
  • Religion, General (3)
  • Social Work (3)
  • Speech Communication (3)
  • Women's Studies (3)
  • Agriculture, Animal Pathology (2)
  • Anthropology, Physical (2)
  • Biology, Ecology (2)
  • Biophysics, Medical (2)
  • Economics, General (2)
  • Education, General (2)
  • Sociology, Demography (2)
  • Sociology, Social Structure and Development (2)
  • Anthropology, Medical and Forensic (1)
  • Biology, Anatomy (1)
  • Biology, Entomology (1)
  • Biology, Radiation (1)
  • Chemistry, Organic (1)
  • Dance (1)
  • Economics, Commerce - Business (1)
  • Economics, Finance (1)
  • Education, Early Childhood (1)
  • Education, Educational Psychology (1)
  • Education, Sciences (1)
  • Education, Technology (1)
  • Engineering, Electronics and Electrical (1)
  • Engineering, General (1)
  • Engineering, System Science (1)
  • Health Sciences, Hygiene (1)
  • Health Sciences, Opthamology (1)
  • Language, General (1)
  • Literature, General (1)
  • Mathematics (1)
  • Paleozoology (1)
  • Psychology, Psychometrics (1)
  • Sociology, General (1)
  • Sociology, Organizational (1)
  • Theology (1)

Journal

  • PLoS ONE (30)
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (25)
  • Psychoneuroendocrinology (21)
  • Translational Psychiatry (20)
  • Hormones and Behavior (16)
  • Schizophrenia Research (15)
  • Scientific Reports (13)
  • Brain, Behavior, and Immunity (12)
  • Drug and Alcohol Dependence (12)
  • Frontiers in Psychology (12)
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (12)
  • Psychiatry Research (11)
  • Depression and Anxiety (10)
  • Journal of Neuroscience Nursing (10)
  • Physiology and Behavior (10)
  • AIDS and Behavior (9)
  • Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research (9)
  • Behavior Genetics (9)
  • Behavioral Neuroscience (9)
  • Biological Psychiatry (9)
  • Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience (9)
  • Frontiers in Psychiatry (9)
  • Molecular Psychiatry (9)
  • BMC Public Health (8)
  • Behavioural Brain Research (8)
  • Addictive Behaviors (7)
  • Journal of Abnormal Psychology (7)
  • Journal of Psychiatric Research (7)
  • American Journal of Primatology (6)
  • Nature Communications (6)
  • Neuroscience (6)
  • Archives of General Psychiatry (5)
  • Behavioral Sciences (5)
  • DEVELOPMENT AND PSYCHOPATHOLOGY (5)
  • FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY (5)
  • Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology (5)
  • Journal of Affective Disorders (5)
  • Journal of the American Heart Association (5)
  • Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior (5)
  • Neurobiology of Learning and Memory (5)
  • Neuropsychopharmacology (5)
  • PLoS Biology (5)
  • Prevention Science (5)
  • TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY (5)
  • BMC Neurology (4)
  • FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY (4)
  • Frontiers in Neuroscience (4)
  • Frontiers in Public Health (4)
  • INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH (4)
  • JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES (4)
  • JMIR Formative Research (4)
  • JMIR Research Protocols (4)
  • Journal of Adolescent Health (4)
  • Journal of Neurochemistry (4)
  • MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY (4)
  • Nature Neuroscience (4)
  • NeuroImage (4)
  • PLOS ONE (4)
  • PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE (4)
  • PeerJ (4)
  • Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior (4)
  • Psycho-Oncology (4)
  • SSM - Population Health (4)
  • Trials (4)
  • bioRxiv (4)
  • AIDS AND BEHAVIOR (3)
  • AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY (3)
  • Addiction (3)
  • American Journal of Preventive Medicine (3)
  • Animal Cognition (3)
  • Annals of Epidemiology (3)
  • BMC Psychiatry (3)
  • BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY (3)
  • Chronic Stress (3)
  • Current Psychiatry Reports (3)
  • Frontiers in Endocrinology (3)
  • Frontiers in Human Neuroscience (3)
  • HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING (3)
  • Health Education Research (3)
  • Health Psychology (3)
  • Implementation Science (3)
  • International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology (3)
  • JAMA Network Open (3)
  • JAMA Psychiatry (3)
  • JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS (3)
  • JOURNAL OF TRAUMATIC STRESS (3)
  • Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry (3)
  • Journal of Neuroscience (3)
  • Journal of Psychosomatic Research (3)
  • Journal of Traumatic Stress (3)
  • Learning & Memory (3)
  • Neurobiology of Stress (3)
  • Neuropsychologia (3)
  • Open Journal of Preventive Medicine (3)
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (3)
  • Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging (3)
  • Psychopharmacology (3)
  • SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH (3)
  • SSM-POPULATION HEALTH (3)
  • Sexual Health (3)

Keyword

  • scienc (641)
  • technolog (598)
  • life (568)
  • biomedicin (547)
  • behavior (317)
  • social (290)
  • disord (285)
  • health (237)
  • stress (202)
  • depress (185)
  • psychiatri (185)
  • psycholog (185)
  • neurosci (181)
  • neurolog (177)
  • risk (161)
  • human (147)
  • adolesc (137)
  • clinic (127)
  • anxieti (109)
  • diseas (104)
  • factor (104)
  • use (102)
  • public (100)
  • femal (98)
  • brain (97)
  • adult (94)
  • environment (94)
  • male (92)
  • exposur (91)
  • abus (90)
  • substanc (89)
  • hiv (86)
  • occup (86)
  • function (82)
  • posttraumat (80)
  • receptor (80)
  • sex (80)
  • symptom (80)
  • cognit (79)
  • young (75)
  • cortex (74)
  • multidisciplinari (73)
  • children (72)
  • ptsd (70)
  • trial (69)
  • state (68)
  • sexual (67)
  • alcohol (66)
  • emot (66)
  • women (66)
  • associ (65)
  • system (65)
  • childhood (63)
  • control (63)
  • model (63)
  • fear (62)
  • respons (61)
  • anim (60)
  • care (60)
  • therapi (60)
  • american (59)
  • mental (59)
  • differ (58)
  • gene (58)
  • amygdala (57)
  • trauma (57)
  • preval (56)
  • analysi (55)
  • studi (55)
  • child (53)
  • drug (53)
  • schizophrenia (53)
  • treatment (53)
  • memori (52)
  • prevent (52)
  • african (51)
  • intervent (51)
  • topic (51)
  • unit (51)
  • express (50)
  • genet (49)
  • other (49)
  • random (49)
  • activ (48)
  • men (48)
  • metabol (48)
  • posttraumaticstressdisord (48)
  • age (47)
  • prefront (47)
  • biolog (45)
  • attent (44)
  • develop (44)
  • matern (44)
  • medic (44)
  • outcom (44)
  • spectrum (44)
  • medicin (43)
  • syndrom (43)
  • self (42)
  • 1 (41)

Author affiliation

  • Position object (151) (24)
  • Position object (79) (14)
  • Position object (80) (14)
  • Position object (333) (10)
  • Position object (334) (10)
  • Position object (335) (10)
  • Position object (336) (10)
  • Position object (337) (10)
  • Position object (338) (10)
  • Position object (339) (10)
  • Position object (340) (10)
  • Position object (341) (10)
  • Position object (342) (10)
  • Position object (343) (10)
  • Position object (344) (10)
  • Position object (345) (10)
  • Position object (346) (10)
  • Position object (347) (10)
  • Position object (348) (10)
  • Position object (144) (5)
  • Position object (63) (4)
  • Position object (64) (4)
  • Position object (44) (3)
  • Position object (45) (3)
  • Position object (117) (2)
  • Position object (118) (2)
  • Position object (119) (2)
  • Position object (120) (2)
  • Position object (121) (2)
  • Position object (122) (2)
  • Position object (123) (2)
  • Position object (124) (2)
  • Georgia Tech Research Instutute (former employee 1994-2011) (1)
  • Position object (112) (1)
  • Position object (113) (1)
  • Position object (114) (1)
  • Position object (138) (1)
  • Position object (139) (1)
  • Position object (140) (1)
  • Position object (168) (1)
  • Position object (169) (1)

Author department

  • Psych: Admin (411)
  • Psychology (200)
  • Behav/Soc/Health Educ Sci (150)
  • Psych: Adult (136)
  • Epidemiology (58)
  • Global Health (41)
  • Psych: Child Psych - CAMP (41)
  • Hum Gen: Admin (39)
  • Biostatistics (35)
  • Dev & Cog Neuroscience (32)
  • Peds: Marcus Center (32)
  • GYN OB: Research (27)
  • Medicine: Cardiology (25)
  • BME: Admin (24)
  • Pathology: Admin (23)
  • Medicine: Infectious Dis (22)
  • Emerg Med: Admin (19)
  • Academic Advancement (17)
  • Neurology: Admin (16)
  • Psych: Autism Center (15)
  • Psych: Geriatric (13)
  • Winship Clinical Trials (13)
  • Anthropology (12)
  • Behav Neuro & Psych Dis (12)
  • Ctr Study Human Health (11)
  • Environmental Health (9)
  • Dean's Office Operating F (8)
  • Marcus Center (8)
  • Pharmacology: Admin (8)
  • Neurology: Movement Disor (7)
  • Rad: MR Research Lab (7)
  • BMI: Admin (6)
  • Dean's Office (6)
  • FPM: Preventive Medicine (6)
  • HR Use Only (6)
  • Medicine: Geriatrics (6)
  • Neurology: Neuropsych (6)
  • Rad: Admin (6)
  • Anesthesiology: Admin (5)
  • Director's Office (5)
  • GDBBS NS (5)
  • GME: Grad Medicine Educ (5)
  • Health Policy and Mngmnt (5)
  • Medicine: Endocrinology (5)
  • NND-Neuroscience (5)
  • Neurology: Cog Neurobehav (5)
  • Neurosurgery: Admin (5)
  • Peds: Infectious Disease (5)
  • Rad Onc: Admin (5)
  • FPM: Family Medicine (4)
  • GYN OB: Family Planning (4)
  • Hem/Onc Psychology (4)
  • Infectious Disease (4)
  • Medicine: General Med (4)
  • Medicine: Hospital Med (4)
  • Medicine: Nephrology (4)
  • Neurology: Neuro-Rehab (4)
  • Rehab: Admin (4)
  • Behavioral Management (3)
  • Biology (3)
  • Cell Biology: Admin (3)
  • EVP Academic Affairs & Provost (3)
  • Ethics Center (3)
  • GYN OB: VCF 2nd MD (3)
  • General Pediatric & Ad (3)
  • Imaging Core (3)
  • Medicine: Pulmonary (3)
  • Medicine: Rheumatology (3)
  • Neurology (3)
  • Peds: General (3)
  • Physiology: Admin (3)
  • Rad: Radiopharm Disc Lab (3)
  • Sr Vice President For Research (3)
  • Surgery: General (3)
  • Assoc Dir Animal Resrcs (2)
  • Dance (2)
  • Dermatology: Admin (2)
  • EMPH (2)
  • EVP Health Affairs (2)
  • Economics (2)
  • HMO: Med Onc (2)
  • Hum Gen: Medical Genetics (2)
  • Institute Liberal Arts (2)
  • Nephrology (2)
  • Neurology: Epilepsy (2)
  • Neurology: Sleep (2)
  • Ophthal: Admin (2)
  • Orthopaedics: Admin (2)
  • Oxford College (2)
  • Pathology Research (2)
  • Peds: BMT (2)
  • Peds: Hospital Medicine (2)
  • Peds: Neurology (2)
  • Rad: Neurointerventional (2)
  • Rad: Rsch Labs - Gen (2)
  • Religion (2)
  • Spiritual Health (2)
  • Surgery: Grady Surgery (2)
  • Surgery: Transplant (2)
  • BHPMI-WHSC (1)

Search Results for all work with filters:

  • Psychology, Behavioral

Work 1-10 of 1229

Sorted by relevance
  1. 1
  2. 2
  3. 3
  4. 4
  5. 5
  6. 6
  7. 7
  8. ...
>

Article

Ape duos and trios: spontaneous cooperation with free partner choice in chimpanzees

by Frans De Waal; Malini Suchak; Timothy M. Eppley; Matthey W. Campbell

2014

Subjects
  • Psychology, Behavioral
  • Psychology, Experimental
  • File Download
  • View Abstract

Abstract:Close

The purpose of the present study was to push the boundaries of cooperation among captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). There has been doubt about the level of cooperation that chimpanzees are able to spontaneously achieve or understand. Would they, without any pre-training or restrictions in partner choice, be able to develop successful joint action? And would they be able to extend cooperation to more than two partners, as they do in nature? Chimpanzees were given a chance to cooperate with multiple partners of their own choosing. All members of the group (N = 11) had simultaneous access to an apparatus that required two (dyadic condition) or three (triadic condition) individuals to pull in a tray baited with food. Without any training, the chimpanzees spontaneously solved the task a total of 3,565 times in both dyadic and triadic combinations. Their success rate and efficiency increased over time, whereas the amount of pulling in the absence of a partner decreased, demonstrating that they had learned the task contingencies. They preferentially approached the apparatus when kin or nonkin of similar rank were present, showing a preference for socially tolerant partners. The forced partner combinations typical of cooperation experiments cannot reveal these abilities, which demonstrate that in the midst of a complex social environment, chimpanzees spontaneously initiate and maintain a high level of cooperative behavior.

Article

How chimpanzees cooperate in a competitive world

by Malini Suchak; Timothy M. Eppleya; Matthew W. Campbell; Rebecca A. Feldmana; Luke F. Quarlesc; Frans B M De Waal

2016

Subjects
  • Psychology, Behavioral
  • Biology, Zoology
  • File Download
  • View Abstract

Abstract:Close

Our species is routinely depicted as unique in its ability to achieve cooperation, whereas our closest relative, the chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes), is often characterized as overly competitive. Human cooperation is assisted by the cost attached to competitive tendencies through enforcement mechanisms, such as punishment and partner choice. To examine if chimpanzees possess the same ability to mitigate competition, we set up a cooperative task in the presence of the entire group of 11 adults, which required two or three individuals to pull jointly to receive rewards. This opengroup set-up provided ample opportunity for competition (e.g., freeloading, displacements) and aggression. Despite this unique set-up and initial competitiveness, cooperation prevailed in the end, being at least five times as common as competition. The chimpanzees performed 3,565 cooperative acts while using a variety of enforcement mechanisms to overcome competition and freeloading, as measured by (attempted) thefts of rewards. These mechanisms included direct protest by the target, third-party punishment in which dominant individuals intervened against freeloaders, and partner choice. There was a marked difference between freeloading and displacement; freeloading tended to elicit withdrawal and third-party interventions, whereas displacements were met with a higher rate of direct retaliation. Humans have shown similar responses in controlled experiments, suggesting shared mechanisms across the primates to mitigate competition for the sake of cooperation.

Article

The thief in the mirror

by Frans B M De Waal

2008

Subjects
  • Biology, Zoology
  • Psychology, Behavioral
  • Psychology, Cognitive
  • File Download

Article

Monogamy with a purpose

by Frans B M De Waal; Sergey Gavrilets

2013

Subjects
  • Psychology, Behavioral
  • View on PubMed Central
  • View Abstract

Abstract:Close

Humans are fascinated by animal monogamy. In the 1960s, Konrad Lorenz idealized the lifelong pair-bonds of geese until one of his students pointed out some infidelities and suggested that geese may be “only human”, and Desmond Morris speculated about the advantages of the pair-bond for early humans. Even though many theories have since been proposed, human monogamous inclinations have also been questioned, including the pervasive idea that it all boils down to provisioning by fathers.

Article

Chimpanzees Prefer African and Indian Music Over Silence

by Morgan E. Eppley; Timothy M. Campbell; Matthew W. Hall; Katie Horner; Victoria De Waal; Morgan E. Mingle

2014

Subjects
  • Biology, Zoology
  • Psychology, Behavioral
  • File Download
  • View Abstract

Abstract:Close

All primates have an ability to distinguish between temporal and melodic features of music, but unlike humans, in previous studies, nonhuman primates have not demonstrated a preference for music. However, previous research has not tested the wide range of acoustic parameters present in many different types of world music. The purpose of the present study is to determine the spontaneous preference of common chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) for 3 acoustically contrasting types of world music: West African akan, North Indian raga, and Japanese taiko. Sixteen chimpanzees housed in 2 groups were exposed to 40 min of music from a speaker placed 1.5 m outside the fence of their outdoor enclosure; the proximity of each subject to the acoustic stimulus was recorded every 2 min. When compared with controls, subjects spent significantly more time in areas where the acoustic stimulus was loudest in African and Indian music conditions. This preference for African and Indian music could indicate homologies in acoustic preferences between nonhuman and human primates.

Article

Long-term consistency in chimpanzee consolation behaviour reflects empathetic personalities

by Christine E. Webb; Teresa Romero; Becca Franks; Frans De Waal

2017

Subjects
  • Psychology, Behavioral
  • File Download
  • View Abstract

Abstract:Close

In contrast to a wealth of human studies, little is known about the ontogeny and consistency of empathy-related capacities in other species. Consolation—post-conflict affiliation from uninvolved bystanders to distressed others—is a suggested marker of empathetic concern in non-human animals. Using longitudinal data comprising nearly a decade of observations on over 3000 conflict interactions in 44 chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), we provide evidence for relatively stable individual differences in consolation behaviour. Across development, individuals consistently differ from one another in this trait, with higher consolatory tendencies predicting better social integration, a sign of social competence. Further, similar to recent results in other ape species, but in contrast to many human self-reported findings, older chimpanzees are less likely to console than are younger individuals. Overall, given the link between consolation and empathy, these findings help elucidate the development of individual socio-cognitive and -emotional abilities in one of our closest relatives.

Article

Targeting Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Projections from the Oval Nucleus of the Bed Nucleus of the Stria Terminalis Using Cell-Type Specific Neuronal Tracing Studies in Mouse and Rat Brain

by Joanna Dabrowska; Daisy Martinon; Mahsa Moaddab; Donald Rainnie

2016

Subjects
  • Biology, Cell
  • Biology, Animal Physiology
  • Psychology, Behavioral
  • File Download
  • View Abstract

Abstract:Close

The bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) is known to play a critical role in mediating the behavioural and autonomic responses to stressors. The oval nucleus of the BNST (BNSTov) contains cell bodies that synthesise the stress hormone corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF). Although afferent fibres originating from the BNSTov have been shown to innervate several key structures of the neuroendocrine and central autonomic system, the question remains as to whether some of these fibres are CRF-positive. To directly address this question, we injected a 'floxed' anterograde tracer (rAAV5/EF1a-DIO-mCherry) into the BNSTov of CRFp3.0CreGFP transgenic mice, which express a green fluorescent protein (GFP) under the control of the CRF promoter. Serial sections were then analysed for the presence of double-labelled fibres in potential projection sites. To determine whether CRF neurons in the rat BNSTov send comparable projections, we infused rat BNSTov with an adeno-associated viral vector (AAV) in which the human synapsin promoter drives enhanced GFP expression. We then used CRF immunoreactivity to examine double-labelled fluorescent fibres and axon terminals in projection sites from brain sections of the AAV-infused rats. We have observed several terminal fields in the mouse and rat brain with double-labelled fibres in the Dorsal raphe nucleus (DRD), the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus and, to a lesser extent, in the ventral tegmental area. We found double-labelled terminal boutons in the nucleus accumbens shell, prelimbic cortex and posterior basolateral nucleus of the amygdala. The most intense double-labelling was found in midbrain, including substantia nigra pars compacta, red nucleus, periaqueductal grey and pontine nuclei, as well as DRD. The results of the present study indicate that CRF neurons are the output neurons of the BNSTov and they send projections not only to the centres of neuroendocrine and autonomic regulation, but also regions modulating reward and motivation, vigilance and motor function, as well as affective behaviour.

Article

Correlates of gang involvement and health-related factors among African American females with a detention history

by Dexter R. Voisin; Kelly M. King; Ralph Diclemente; Monique Carry

2014

Subjects
  • Psychology, Behavioral
  • Education, Health
  • Health Sciences, Public Health
  • File Download
  • View Abstract

Abstract:Close

Background: Prior studies have assessed relationships between gang membership and health-related factors. However, the existing literature has largely failed to consider how individual and broader social contextual factors might be related to such gang involvement among African American females. Thus, the aim of the present study was to identify empirically driven correlates of gang involvement and then better understand the relationship between gang membership and health-related behaviors for African American females, after controlling for covariates of gang involvement. Methods: Data were collected from a convenience sample of detained African American adolescents females, between the ages of 13-17, currently incarcerated in a short-term detention facility in Atlanta, Georgia (n= 188). After obtaining written informed assent and parental permission, participants answered survey questions using A-CASI procedures that assessed socio-contextual factors and health-related behaviors. Results: Multiple logistic regression models controlling for age and SES documented that low self-esteem, emotional dysregulation, trauma history, deviant peers, low parental monitoring, infrequent parental communication, housing instability and poor neighborhood quality were correlates of gang involvement. In addition, multiple linear and logistic regression models, controlling for these constructs, revealed that gang involvement was independently associated with lower STD prevention knowledge, a higher likelihood of having a gang-involved boyfriend, a greater risk of having current casual sexual partnerships, higher rates of substance abuse, higher incidences of condom misuse and a lower likelihood of ever having been tested for HIV. Conclusions: These results provide information that can help service providers target certain profiles of African American females who may be at risk for joining gangs and address the health risk behaviors that may be associated with such memberships. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd.

Article

Chimpanzee food preferences, associative learning, and the origins of cooking

by Michael J. Beran; Lydia M. Hopper; Franciscus de Waal; Ken Sayers; Sarah F. Brosnan

2016

Subjects
  • Psychology, Behavioral
  • Biology, Zoology
  • File Download
  • View Abstract

Abstract:Close

A recent report suggested that chimpanzees demonstrate the cognitive capacities necessary to understand cooking (Warneken & Rosati, 2015). We offer alternate explanations and mechanisms that could account for the behavioral responses of those chimpanzees, without invoking the understanding of cooking as a process. We discuss broader issues surrounding the use of chimpanzees in modeling hominid behavior and understanding aspects of human evolution.

Article

Ape gestures and language evolution

by Amy S. Pollick; Frans B M De Waal

2007

Subjects
  • Language, General
  • Psychology, Behavioral
  • View on PubMed Central
  • View Abstract

Abstract:Close

The natural communication of apes may hold clues about language origins, especially because apes frequently gesture with limbs and hands, a mode of communication thought to have been the starting point of human language evolution. The present study aimed to contrast brachiomanual gestures with orofacial movements and vocalizations in the natural communication of our closest primate relatives, bonobos (Pan paniscus) and chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). We tested whether gesture is the more flexible form of communication by measuring the strength of association between signals and specific behavioral contexts, comparing groups of both the same and different ape species. Subjects were two captive bonobo groups, a total of 13 individuals, and two captive chimpanzee groups, a total of 34 individuals. The study distinguished 31 manual gestures and 18 facial/vocal signals. It was found that homologous facial/vocal displays were used very similarly by both ape species, yet the same did not apply to gestures. Both within and between species gesture usage varied enormously. Moreover, bonobos showed greater flexibility in this regard than chimpanzees and were also the only species in which multimodal communication (i.e., combinations of gestures and facial/vocal signals) added to behavioral impact on the recipient.
  1. 1
  2. 2
  3. 3
  4. 4
  5. 5
  6. 6
  7. 7
  8. ...
>
Site Statistics
  • 35,724
  • Total Works
  • 9,164,823
  • Downloads
  • 242,697
  • Downloads This Year

Copyright © 2016 Emory University - All Rights Reserved
540 Asbury Circle, Atlanta, GA 30322-2870
(404) 727-6861
Privacy Policy | Terms & Conditions

v2.2.8-dev

Contact Us
Download now