Hospitalization risk among patients with Mpox infection-a propensity score matched analysis.

• Authors: Andres F. Henao-Martínez, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; Chloe M. Orkin, Queen Mary University London; Boghuma Titanji, Emory University; Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales, Universidad Científica del Sur; Jorge L. Salinas, Stanford University; Carlos Franco-Paredes, Hospital Infantil de México; Jose Tuells, Universidad de Alicante; Daniel B. Chastain, University of Georgia
• Journal Title: Ther Adv Infect Dis
• Volume: Volume 10
• Publisher: SAGE | 2023, Pages 20499361231196683-20499361231196683
• Type of Work: Article | Final Publisher PDF
• Publisher DOI: http://doi.org/10.1177/20499361231196683
• Subjects: Biology, Virology; Health Sciences, Health Care Management
• Keywords: HIV/AIDS; Monkeypox virus; Mpox; hospitalization

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Monkeypox (Mpox) is a reemerging, neglected viral disease. By May 2023, worldwide Mpox cases surpassed 87,000. Predictive factors for hospitalization with Mpox are lacking. OBJECTIVE: We aim to compare clinical characteristics and outcomes in hospitalized and nonhospitalized patients with Mpox infection. DESIGN: A multicenter retrospective case-control cohort of patients with Mpox infection. METHODS: We performed a propensity score match analysis from a global health network (TrinetX). We compare clinical characteristics and outcomes between hospitalized and nonhospitalized patients with Mpox. RESULTS: Of 1477 patients, 6% were hospitalized, 52% required an ED visit, and 29% received treatment at urgent care. After propensity score matching, 80 patients remained in each group. Hospitalizations were more common among Black persons (51% versus 33%, p = 0.01), people with HIV (50% versus 20%, p < 0.0001), and those with proctitis (44% versus 12.5%, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Independent predictive factors of hospitalization in our cohort for Mpox included people who are Black with a diagnosis of HIV, severe proctitis, pain requiring opioids, and elevated lactate dehydrogenase. Greater recognition of factors associated with increased risk of Mpox severity and hospitalization is paramount.