About this item:

72 Views | 29 Downloads

Author Notes:

Melisa M. Shah, MD, MPH, and Kadam Patel, MPH, Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd., Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. Email: bgn3@cdc.gov; qb1@cdc.gov

Melisa M. Shah: Conceptualization; investigation; methodology; project administration; visualization; writing‐original draft. Kadam Patel: Conceptualization; validation; data curation; formal analysis; writing‐review and editing. Jennifer Milucky: Conceptualization; methodology; project administration; writing‐review and editing. Christopher A. Taylor: Conceptualization; methodology; project administration; writing‐review and editing. Arthur Reingold: Writing‐review and editing. Isaac Armistead: Writing‐review and editing. James Meek: Writing‐review and editing. Evan J. Anderson: Writing‐review and editing. Andy Weigel: Writing‐review and editing. Libby Reeg: Writing‐review and editing. Kathryn Como‐Sabetti: Writing‐review and editing. Susan L. Ropp: Writing‐review and editing. Alison Muse: Writing‐review and editing. Sophrena Bushey: Writing‐review and editing. Eli Shiltz: Writing‐review and editing. Melissa Sutton: Writing‐review and editing. H. Keipp Talbot: Writing‐review and editing. Ryan Chatelain: Writing‐review and editing. Fiona P. Havers: Conceptualization; investigation; methodology; project administration; visualization; writing‐review and editing.

The authors would like to thank Sherry Quach, Gretchen Rothrock, Jeremy Roland, Joelle Nadle, Ashley Coates, Monica Napoles, California Emerging Infections Program; Sharon Emmerling, Breanna Kawasaki, Madelyn Lensing, Sarah McLafferty, Jordan Surgnier, Millen Tsegaye, Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment; Ann Basting, Tessa Carter, Maria Correa, Daewi Kim, Carol Lyons, Amber Maslar, Julie Plano, Hazhia Sorosindi, Connecticut Emerging Infections Program, Yale School of Public Health; Emily Fawcett, Annabel Patterson, Taylor Eisenstein: Foundation for Atlanta Veterans Education and Research, Decatur, GA; Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Atlanta, GA; Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Katelyn Ward, Jana Manning, Asmith Joseph, Allison Roebling, Chandler Surell, Stephanie Lehman, Suzanne Segler, Grayson Kallas, Marina Bruck, Rayna Ceaser, Sabrina Hendrick, Johanna Hernandez, Hope Wilson; Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Georgia Emerging Infections Program, Georgia Department of Public Health, Atlanta, GA. Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Atlanta, GA; Jim Collins, Shannon Johnson, Sue Kim, Libby Reeg, Alexander Kohrman, Lauren Leegwater, Chloe Brown, Alyanna Melicor, Sanchitha Meda, Michigan Department of Health and Human Services; Richard Danila, Grace Hernandez, Kieu My Phi, Melissa McMahon, Jill Reaney, Ruth Lynfield, Minnesota Department of Health; Daniel Sosin, Chad Smelser, Sunshine Martinez, Jasmyn Sanchez, Cory Cline, Melissa Judson, Florent Nkouaga, Mark Montoya, Kelly Plymesser, Adrienne Domen, New Mexico Department of Health; Sarah Lathrop, Kathy M. Angeles, Yadira Salazar‐Sanchez, Sarah A. Khanlian, Nancy Eisenberg, Dominic Rudin, Sarah Shrum Davis, Molly Bleecker, Wickliffe Omondi, Mayvilynne Poblete, Francesca Pacheco, New Mexico Emerging Infections Program; Yassir Talha, Celina Chavez, Jennifer Akpo, Alesia Reed, Murtada Khalifa, CDC Foundation, New Mexico Department of Health; Kerianne Engesser, Grant Barney, Adam Rowe, New York State Department of Health; Virginia Cafferky, Christina Felsen, Maria Gaitán, RaeAnne Kurtz, Christine Long, Thomas Peer, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry; Sam Hawkins, Public Health Division, Oregon Health Authority; Julie Freshwater, Denise Ingabire‐Smith, Ann Salvator, Rebekah Sutter, Ohio Department of Health; Sam Hawkins, Public Health Division, Oregon Health Authority; Tiffanie Markus, Katie Dyer, Karen Leib, Terri McMinn, Danielle Ndi, Gail Hughett, Emmanuel Sackey, Kathy Billings, Anise Elie, Manideepthi Pemmaraju, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; Amanda Carter, Andrea George, Andrea Price, Andrew Haraghey, Ashley Swain, Keegan McCaffrey, Laine McCullough, Mary Hill, Melanie Crossland, Salt Lake County Health Department.

Ms. Leegwater and Ms. Reeg report grants from Michigan Department of Health and Human Services during the conduct of the study. Dr. Anderson reports grants from Pfizer, Merck, PaxVax, Micron, Sanofi‐Pasteur, Janssen, MedImmune, and GSK. Dr. Anderson reports personal fees from Sanofi‐Pasteur, Pfizer, Medscape, Kentucky Bioprocessing, Inc, Sanofi‐Pasteur, Janssen, GSK, WCG and ACI Clinical, and Moderna outside the submitted work. His institution has also received funding from NIH to conduct clinical trials of Moderna and Janssen COVID‐19 vaccines. Mr. Weigel reports grants from CDC/CSTE Cooperative Agreement, during the conduct of the study and grants from CDC/CSTE outside the submitted work. Mr. Teno reports grants from CDC/CSTE Cooperative Agreement during the conduct of the study and grants from CDC/CSTE outside the submitted work. Mrs. Billing reports grants from Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE) during the conduct of the study and grants from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) outside the submitted work. Mr. Meek reports grants from CDC during the conduct of the study. Dr. Schaffner reports grants from CDC during the conduct of the study. Dr. Sutton reports grants from CDC Emerging Infections Program during the conduct of the study. Dr. Talbot reports grants from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, during the conduct of the study. Ms. Yousey‐Hindes reports grants from CDC during the conduct of the study.

Subjects:

Keywords:

  • Science & Technology
  • Life Sciences & Biomedicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Virology
  • bacterial coinfection
  • COVID-19
  • COVID-NET
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • viral coinfection
  • COINFECTIONS
  • INFLUENZA

Bacterial and viral infections among adults hospitalized with COVID-19, COVID-NET, 14 states, March 2020-April 2022

Show all authors Show less authors

Tools:

Journal Title:

INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES

Volume:

Volume 17, Number 3

Publisher:

, Pages e13107-e13107

Type of Work:

Article | Final Publisher PDF

Abstract:

Background: Bacterial and viral infections can occur with SARS-CoV-2 infection, but prevalence, risk factors, and associated clinical outcomes are not fully understood. Methods: We used the Coronavirus Disease 2019-Associated Hospitalization Surveillance Network (COVID-NET), a population-based surveillance system, to investigate the occurrence of bacterial and viral infections among hospitalized adults with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection between March 2020 and April 2022. Clinician-driven testing for bacterial pathogens from sputum, deep respiratory, and sterile sites were included. The demographic and clinical features of those with and without bacterial infections were compared. We also describe the prevalence of viral pathogens including respiratory syncytial virus, rhinovirus/enterovirus, influenza, adenovirus, human metapneumovirus, parainfluenza viruses, and non-SARS-CoV-2 endemic coronaviruses. Results: Among 36 490 hospitalized adults with COVID-19, 53.3% had bacterial cultures taken within 7 days of admission and 6.0% of these had a clinically relevant bacterial pathogen. After adjustment for demographic factors and co-morbidities, bacterial infections in patients with COVID-19 within 7 days of admission were associated with an adjusted relative risk of death 2.3 times that of patients with negative bacterial testing. Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative rods were the most frequently isolated bacterial pathogens. Among hospitalized adults with COVID-19, 2766 (7.6%) were tested for seven virus groups. A non-SARS-CoV-2 virus was identified in 0.9% of tested patients. Conclusions: Among patients with clinician-driven testing, 6.0% of adults hospitalized with COVID-19 were identified to have bacterial coinfections and 0.9% were identified to have viral coinfections; identification of a bacterial coinfection within 7 days of admission was associated with increased mortality.

Copyright information:

© 2023 The Authors. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.

This is an Open Access work distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Export to EndNote