COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance and Hesitancy Among Health Care Workers in Lebanon

• Authors: Ziad Memish, Emory University; Nour J Youssef, American University of Beirut Medical Center; Nadim K Tfaily, American University of Beirut Medical Center; Mohammad Bahij M Moumneh, American University of Beirut Medical Center; Celina F Boutros, American University of Beirut Medical Center; Jad A Elharake, Yale Institute for Global Health; Amyn A Malik, Yale Institute for Global Health; SarahAnn M McFadden, Yale Institute for Global Health; Bayan Galal, Yale University; Inci Yildirim, Emory University; Kaveh Khoshnood, Yale School of Public Health; Saad B Omer, Yale Institute for Global Health; Ghassan S Dbaibo, American University of Beirut Medical Center
• Journal Title: JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GLOBAL HEALTH
• Volume: Volume 13, Number 1
• Publisher: SPRINGERNATURE | 2023-02-03, Pages 55-66
• Type of Work: Article | Final Publisher PDF
• Publisher DOI: http://doi.org/10.1007/s44197-023-00086-4
• Subjects: Health Sciences, Medicine and Surgery; Health Sciences, Epidemiology
• Keywords: Science & Technology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Health care workers; COVID-19; Lebanon; Vaccine acceptance; Refusal; trust; INTENTION

Abstract

Background: Lebanon endured its worst economic and financial crisis in 2020–2021. To minimize the impact of COVID-19 pandemic, it is important to improve the overall COVID-19 vaccination rate. Given that vaccine hesitancy among health care workers (HCWs) affects the general population’s decision to be vaccinated, our study assessed COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among Lebanon HCWs and identified barriers, demographic differences, and the most trusted sources of COVID-19 information. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between January and May 2021 among HCWs across nine hospitals, the Orders of Physicians, Nurses, and Pharmacists in Lebanon. Descriptive statistics were performed to evaluate the COVID-19 vaccine acceptance, and univariate and multivariable to identify their predictors. Results: Among 879 participants, 762 (86.8%) were willing to receive the COVID-19 vaccine, 52 (5.9%) refused, and 64 (7.3%) were undecided. Males (226/254; 88.9%) and those ≥ 55 years (95/100; 95%) had the highest rates of acceptance. Of the 113 who were not willing to receive the vaccine, 54.9% reported that the vaccine was not studied well enough. Participants with a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection and those who did not know if they had a previous infection (p = 0.002) were less likely to accept the vaccine compared to those with no previous infection. The most trusted COVID-19 sources of information were WHO (69.3%) and healthcare providers (68%). Conclusion: Lebanese HCWs had a relatively high acceptance rate for COVID-19 vaccination compared to other countries. Our findings are important in informing the Lebanese health care authorities to establish programs and interventions to improve vaccine uptake among HCWs and the general population.