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Author Notes:

Glen C. Balch, M.D., Winship Cancer Institute, Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Emory University, 1365 Clifton Rd, NE, Building B, Suite 4100, Office 4202, Atlanta, GA 30322. Email: glen.c.balch@emory.edu

The authors thank Rachel M. Lee, M.D., M.S.P.H. (Division of Surgical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University); Jeffrey Maniko, B.S., and Lillias Maguire, M.D. (Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan); Maryam Mohammed, M.D., and Katherine A. Hrebinko, M.D. (Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center); Jason T. Wiseman, M.D., Aslam Ejaz, M.D., and Charles Kimbrough, M.D. (Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center); Kamren Edwards-Hollingsworth, B.A. (Section of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center); and Philip Bauer, M.D. (Section of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine) for their contributions. The authors thank Andy Matlock (Emory University) for permission to publish the illustration of ligation techniques included in the article.

Subjects:

Research Funding:

This study is supported in part by the Katz Foundation and the National Center for Advancing Translational Science (grant/award No. UL1TR002378/TL1TR002382).

Keywords:

  • Science & Technology
  • Life Sciences & Biomedicine
  • Gastroenterology & Hepatology
  • Surgery
  • Inferior mesenteric artery
  • Ligation
  • Rectal cancer
  • HIGH TIE
  • COLORECTAL-CANCER
  • ANTERIOR RESECTION
  • ANASTOMOTIC LEAKAGE
  • INCREASED RISK
  • SURGERY
  • TRIAL
  • COLON
  • COMPLICATIONS

A US Rectal Cancer Consortium Study of Inferior Mesenteric Artery Versus Superior Rectal Artery Ligation: How High Do We Need to Go?

Tools:

Journal Title:

DISEASES OF THE COLON & RECTUM

Volume:

Volume 64, Number 10

Publisher:

, Pages 1198-1211

Type of Work:

Article | Post-print: After Peer Review

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The optimal level of pedicle ligation during proctectomy for rectal cancer, either at the origin of the inferior mesenteric artery or the superior rectal artery, is still debated. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to determine whether superior rectal artery ligation portends equivalent technical or oncologic outcomes. DESIGN: This was a retrospective analysis of a rectal cancer database (2007-2017). SETTINGS: The study was conducted at 6 tertiary referral centers in the United States (Emory University, University of Michigan, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, and Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis). PATIENTS: Patients with primary, nonmetastatic rectal cancer who underwent low anterior resection or abdominoperineal resection were included. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Anastomotic leak, lymph node harvest, locoregional recurrence-free survival, recurrence-free survival, and overall survival were measured. RESULTS: Of 877 patients, 86% (n = 755) received an inferior mesenteric artery ligation, whereas 14% (n = 122) received a superior rectal artery ligation. A total of 12%, 33%, 24%, and 31% were pathologic stage 0, I, II, and III. Median follow-up was 31 months. Superior rectal artery ligation was associated with a similar anastomotic leak rate compared with inferior mesenteric artery ligation (9% vs 8%; p = 1.0). The median number of lymph nodes removed was identical (15 vs 15; p = 0.38). On multivariable analysis accounting for relevant clinicopathologic factors, superior rectal artery ligation was not associated with increased anastomotic leak rate, worse lymph node harvest, or worse locoregional recurrence-free survival, recurrence-free survival, or overall survival (all p values >0.1). LIMITATIONS: This was a retrospective design. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with inferior mesenteric artery ligation, superior rectal artery ligation is not associated with either worse technical or oncologic outcomes. Given the potential risks of inadequate blood flow to the proximal limb of the anastomosis and autonomic nerve injury, we advocate for increased use of superior rectal artery ligation. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/B646. ESTUDIO DEL CONSORCIO DE CÁNCER DE RECTO DE ESTADOS UNIDOS DE LIGADURA BAJA DE LA ARTERIA MESENTÉRICA INFERIOR CONTRA LIGADURA ALTA DE LA ARTERIA MESENTÉRICA INFERIOR: ¿QUÉ TAN ALTO DEBEMOS EXTENDERNOS? ANTECEDENTES: el nivel óptimo de la ligadura del pedículo en la proctectomía para el cáncer de recto, ya sea en el origen de la arteria mesentérica inferior o en la arteria rectal superior aún no esta definido. OBJETIVO: El objetivo era determinar si la ligadura de la arteria rectal superior pronostica resultados técnicos u oncológicos similares. DISEÑO: Análisis retrospectivo de una base de datos de cáncer de recto (2007-2017). ESCENARIO: el estudio se realizó en seis centros de referencia de tercer nivel en los Estados Unidos (Universidad de Emory, Universidad de Michigan, Centro médico de la Universidad de Pittsburgh, Centro médico Wexner de la Universidad Estatal de Ohio, Centro médico de la Universidad de Vanderbilt y Escuela de Medicina de la Universidad de Washington en St. Louis). PACIENTES: Se incluyeron pacientes con cáncer de recto primario no metastásico que se sometieron a resección anterior baja o resección abdominoperineal. PRINCIPALES VARIABLES ANALIZADAS: Se midió la fuga anastomótica, los ganglios linfáticos recuperados, la sobrevida sin recidiva locorregional, la sobrevida sin recidiva y la sobrevida global. RESULTADOS: De 877 pacientes, en el 86% (n = 755) se realizó una ligadura de la arteria mesentérica inferior, y en el 14% (n = 122) se realizó una ligadura de la arteria rectal superior. El 12%, 33%, 24% y 31% estaban en estadio patológico 0, I, II y III respectivamente. La mediana de seguimiento fue de 31 meses. La ligadura de la arteria rectal superior se asoció con una tasa de fuga anastomótica similar a la ligadura de la arteria mesentérica inferior (9 vs 8%, p = 1,0). La mediana del número de ganglios linfáticos extirpados fue idéntica (15 contra 15, p = 0,38). En el análisis multivariado que tiene en cuenta los factores clínico-patológicos relevantes, la ligadura de la arteria rectal superior no se asoció con una mayor tasa de fuga anastomótica, una peor cosecha de ganglios linfáticos o una peor sobrevida libre de recurrencia locorregional, sobrevida libre de recurrencia o sobrevida global (todos p> 0,1). LIMITACIONES: Diseño retrospectivo. CONCLUSIONES: En comparación con la ligadura de la arteria mesentérica inferior, la ligadura de la arteria rectal superior no se asocia a peores resultados técnicos ni oncológicos. Debido a los riesgos potenciales de un flujo sanguíneo inadecuado del muñon proximal de la anastomosis y la lesión de los nervios autonómicos, proponemos una mayor realización de la ligadura de la arteria rectal superior. Consulte Video Resumen en http://links.lww.com/DCR/B646.

Copyright information:

This is an Open Access work distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).
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