Kinetic Changes of Peripheral Blood Monocyte Subsets and Expression of Co-Stimulatory Molecules during Acute Dengue Virus Infection

• Authors: Sakaorat Lertjuthaporn, Mahidol University; Rassamon Keawvichit, Navamindradhiraj University; Korakot Polsrila, Mahidol University; Kasama Sukapirom, Mahidol University; Ampaiwan Chuansumrit, Mahidol University; Kulkanya Chokephaibulkit, Mahidol University; Aftab Ansari, Emory University; Ladawan Khowawisetsut, Mahidol University; Kovit Pattanapanyasat, Mahidol University
• Journal Title: PATHOGENS
• Volume: Volume 10, Number 11
• Publisher: MDPI | 2021-11-01
• Type of Work: Article | Final Publisher PDF
• Publisher DOI: http://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10111458
• Keywords: Science & Technology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; Microbiology; dengue infection; monocyte; flow cytometry; co-stimulation; ANTIBODY-DEPENDENT ENHANCEMENT; ORIGINAL ANTIGENIC SIN; DENDRITIC CELLS; MACROPHAGES; ACTIVATION

Abstract

Monocytes, one of the main target cells for dengue virus (DENV) infection, contribute to the resolution of viremia and to pathogenesis. We performed a longitudinal study by a detailed phenotypic comparison of classical (CD14++CD16−, non-classical (CD14+CD16++) and intermediate (CD14++CD16+) monocyte subsets in blood samples from dengue fever (DF) to the severe dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and healthy individuals. Various costimulatory molecules of CD40, CD80, CD86 and inducible costimulatory ligand (ICOSL) expressed on these three monocyte subsets were also analyzed. DENV-infected patients showed an increase in the frequency of intermediate monocytes and a decrease in the classical monocytes when compared to healthy individuals. Al-though these differences did not correlate with disease severity, changes during the early phase of infection gradually returned to normal in the defervescence phase. Moreover, decreased frequency of classical monocytes was associated with a significant up-regulation of co-stimulatory molecules CD40, CD86 and ICOSL. Kinetics of these co-stimulatory molecule-expressing classical monocytes showed different patterns throughout the sampling times of acute DENV infection. Different distribution of monocyte subsets and their co-stimulatory molecules in the peripheral blood during acute infection might exacerbate immune responses like cytokine storms and ADE, and future studies on intracellular molecular pathways utilized by these monocyte linages are warranted.