Summary of Updated Recommendations for Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Women JACC State-of-the-Art Review

• Authors: Laura Vaccarino, Emory University; Leslie Cho, Cleveland Clinic Foundation; Melinda Davis, University of Michigan; Islam Elgendy, Harvard Medical School; Kelly Epps, Inova Heart and Vascular Institute; Kathryn J Lindley, Washington University in St. Louis; Puja Mehta, Emory University; Erin D Michos, Johns Hopkins University; Margo Minissian, Cedars Sinai, Los Angeles; Carl Pepine, University of Florida, Gainesville; Annabelle Santos Volgman, Emory University
• Journal Title: JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
• Volume: Volume 75, Number 20
• Publisher: ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC | 2020-05-26, Pages 2602-2618
• Type of Work: Article | Post-print: After Peer Review
• Publisher DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2020.03.060
• Subjects: Health Sciences, Public Health
• Keywords: Science & Technology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; adverse pregnancy outcomes; aspirin; atrial fibrillation; cardiovascular disease; gestational diabetes; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; SYSTEMIC-LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; ESTROGEN PLUS PROGESTIN; LOW-DOSE ASPIRIN; BLOOD-PRESSURE; ATRIAL-FIBRILLATION; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; RISK-FACTORS; HYPERTENSIVE DISORDERS

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality for women in the United States and worldwide. There has been no American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association guideline update specifically for the prevention of CVD in women since 2011. Since then, the body of sex-specific data has grown, in addition to updated hypertension, cholesterol, diabetes, atrial fibrillation, and primary prevention guidelines. The ACC CVD in Women Committee undertook a review of the recent guidelines and major studies to summarize recommendations pertinent to women. In this update, the authors address special topics, particularly the risk factors and treatments that have led to some controversies and confusion. Specifically, sex-related risk factors, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, anticoagulation for atrial fibrillation, use of aspirin, perimenopausal hormone therapy, and psychosocial issues are highlighted.