Pituitary Adenomas: From Diagnosis to Therapeutics

• Authors: Samridhi Banskota, Emory University; David Adamson, Emory University
• Journal Title: BIOMEDICINES
• Volume: Volume 9, Number 5
• Publisher: MDPI | 2021-05-01
• Type of Work: Article | Final Publisher PDF
• Publisher DOI: http://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9050494
• Subjects: Health Sciences, Medicine and Surgery
• Keywords: Science & Technology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Research & Experimental Medicine; pituitary adenoma; prolactinoma; acromegaly; Cushing's; transsphenoidal; CNS tumor; DOPAMINE AGONIST THERAPY; BILATERAL LAPAROSCOPIC ADRENALECTOMY; REPEAT TRANSSPHENOIDAL SURGERY; SECONDARY TRANSNASAL SURGERY; RADIATION-THERAPY; CUSHINGS-SYNDROME; CLINICAL-MANIFESTATIONS; SOMATOSTATIN ANALOGS; MEDICAL PROGRESS; HEART-DISEASE

Abstract

Pituitary adenomas are tumors that arise in the anterior pituitary gland. They are the third most common cause of central nervous system (CNS) tumors among adults. Most adenomas are benign and exert their effect via excess hormone secretion or mass effect. Clinical presentation of pituitary adenoma varies based on their size and hormone secreted. Here, we review some of the most common types of pituitary adenomas, their clinical presentation, and current diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.