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Author Notes:

Krithiga Shridhar, Email: g.krithiga@phfi.org

Krithiga Shridhar, Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing,1,2,* Aastha Aggarwal, Conceptualization, Data curation, Methodology, Project administration, Writing – review & editing,1,2 Ishita Rawal, Conceptualization, Data curation, Methodology, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing,2 Ruby Gupta, Conceptualization, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing,1,2 Shet Masih, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing,3 Ravi Mehrotra, Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing – review & editing,4,5 Theresa W. Gillespie, Conceptualization, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing,6 Preet K. Dhillon, Conceptualization, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – review & editing,1,2,7 Dominique S. Michaud, Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing,8 Dorairaj Prabhakaran, Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing,#1,2,5,9 and Michael Goodman, Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing#5 David M. Ojcius, Editor

The authors thank Dr. Eliza K. Dutta (Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India) for assistance with project co-ordination and management and Dr. Steena Kuriakose (Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India) for helping with the review of literature.

We declare the commercial affiliation (Genentech Roche, CA, USA) of one of our authors (PKD). This does not alter our adherence to Plos One policies on sharing data and materials. There are no patents, products in development or marketed products associated with this research.

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Research Funding:

This study was funded by National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institute of Health, USA, (PI’s: Drs. M Goodman and D Prabhakaran), to Emory University, Public Health Foundation of India and Research Triangle Institute, India for Planning a Regional Center of Research Excellence (RCRE) in Non communicable Diseases in India- [Phase I for producing actionable evidence on the prevention and control of high priority NCDs, cancers and diabetes in India]. This was awarded as part of NCI Planning Grant (2016- 2019) – GRANT NUMBER: P20CA210298. Dr. Shridhar is currently supported by the ‘Research Development Grant’ from the Centre for Environmental Health at the Public Health Foundation of India (Grant number: None). Dr. Aggarwal is currently supported by DBT/Wellcome Trust India Alliance Fellowship [Grant number: IA/CPH /17/1/503340]. Funders had no role in the design, data collection, analysis or publication of the manuscript. We declare the commercial affiliation (Genentech Roche, CA, USA) of one of our authors. The funder provided support in the form of salary for the author [PKD], but did not have any additional role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The specific roles of all authors of the manuscript are articulated in the ‘author contributions’ section.

Keywords:

  • Science & Technology
  • Multidisciplinary Sciences
  • Science & Technology - Other Topics
  • SQUAMOUS-CELL CARCINOMA
  • TIME PCR QUANTIFICATION
  • PERIODONTAL-DISEASE
  • PORPHYROMONAS-GINGIVALIS
  • GASTROINTESTINAL CANCER
  • ANTIBODY-LEVELS
  • SALIVA SAMPLES
  • RISK
  • MICROBIOME
  • COLLECTION

Feasibility of investigating the association between bacterial pathogens and oral leukoplakia in low and middle income countries: A population-based pilot study in India

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Journal Title:

PLOS ONE

Volume:

Volume 16, Number 4

Publisher:

, Pages e0251017-e0251017

Type of Work:

Article | Final Publisher PDF

Abstract:

Background Certain oral bacterial pathogens may play a role in oral carcinogenesis. We assessed the feasibility of conducting a population-based study in India to examine the distributions and levels of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Prevotella intermedia in relation to oral leukoplakia (a potentially malignant disorder) and other participant characteristics. Methods This exploratory case-control study was nested within a large urban Indian cohort and the data included 22 men and women with oral leukoplakia (cases) and 69 leukoplakia-free controls. Each participant provided a salivary rinse sample, and a subset of 34 participants (9 cases; 25 controls) also provided a gingival swab sample from keratinized gingival surface for quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Results Neither the distribution nor the levels of pathogens were associated with oral leukoplakia; however, individual pathogen levels were more strongly correlated with each other in cases compared to controls. Among controls, the median level of total pathogens was the highest (7.55×104 copies/ng DNA) among persons of low socioeconomic status. Salivary rinse provided better DNA concentration than gingival swab for qPCR analysis (mean concentration: 1.8 ng/μl vs. 0.2 ng/μl). Conclusions This study confirms the feasibility of population studies evaluating oral microbiome in low-resource settings and identifies promising leads for future research.

Copyright information:

© 2021 Shridhar et al

This is an Open Access work distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/rdf).
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