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Author Notes:

Evan E. Eichler, Email: eee@gs.washington.edu

See publication for full list of authors and contributions.

The authors are grateful to all of the families for participation in this study. We thank the following: the SPARK Consortium for access to the SPARK-27K exome data; Tychele N. Turner for the early access of autism sex-biased candidate genes during gene selection; Marlies Schimmel-Naber for help with sample management and logistics of the RadboudUMC cohort; Cherie Green for the help in the preparation of Melbourne samples; Yafei Mao for the helpful discussion during the manuscript preparation; and Tonia Brown for assistance in editing this manuscript.

E.E.E. is on the scientific advisory board (SAB) of DNAnexus, Inc. The Department of Molecular and Human Genetics at Baylor College of Medicine receives revenue from clinical genetic testing conducted at Baylor Genetics. The other authors have no competing interests to declare.

Subjects:

Research Funding:

This work was supported, in part, by a US National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant (R01MH101221) and a grant from the Simons Foundation (SFARI #608045) to E.E.E.; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (81525007 and 81730036) and the Science and Technology Projects of Hunan Province (2018SK1030) to K.X.; Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (APP1091593 and 1155224) and Channel 7 Children’s Research Foundation to J.G. The Charles University group was supported by grant 17-29423A from the Czech Ministry of Health. R.F.K. acknowledges support of the Research Fund of the University of Antwerp (Methusalem-OEC grant—GENOMED). The BOA study was partly funded by a grant assigned to N. Rommelse by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO grant #91610024). C.R., E.A., G.C., M.E., and D.G. were supported in part by the Italian Ministry of Health (RC2019 no. 2751604). I.E.S., M.D., and P.J.L. were supported by an Australian National Health and Medical Research Council project grant; I.E.S. is supported by a NHRMC Practitioner Fellowship and P.J.L. is supported by the Vincent Chiodo Foundation. A.S. and M.A.G. were supported by NIH Genome Training Grant T32 HG000035-23. G.V.D.W. holds an FWO postdoctoral fellowship. We thank Daniel H. Geschwind for the early access of the candidate genes from their autism network analysis, which was supported, in part, by NIH (R01MH109912). E.E.E. is an investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute.

Keywords:

  • Science & Technology
  • Multidisciplinary Sciences
  • Science & Technology - Other Topics
  • COPY-NUMBER VARIATION
  • DE-NOVO MUTATION
  • AUTISM
  • DISABILITY
  • FRAMEWORK
  • VARIANTS

Large-scale targeted sequencing identifies risk genes for neurodevelopmental disorders

Tools:

Journal Title:

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS

Volume:

Volume 11, Number 1

Publisher:

, Pages 4932-4932

Type of Work:

Article | Final Publisher PDF

Abstract:

Most genes associated with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) were identified with an excess of de novo mutations (DNMs) but the significance in case–control mutation burden analysis is unestablished. Here, we sequence 63 genes in 16,294 NDD cases and an additional 62 genes in 6,211 NDD cases. By combining these with published data, we assess a total of 125 genes in over 16,000 NDD cases and compare the mutation burden to nonpsychiatric controls from ExAC. We identify 48 genes (25 newly reported) showing significant burden of ultra-rare (MAF < 0.01%) gene-disruptive mutations (FDR 5%), six of which reach family-wise error rate (FWER) significance (p < 1.25E−06). Among these 125 targeted genes, we also reevaluate DNM excess in 17,426 NDD trios with 6,499 new autism trios. We identify 90 genes enriched for DNMs (FDR 5%; e.g., GABRG2 and UIMC1); of which, 61 reach FWER significance (p < 3.64E−07; e.g., CASZ1). In addition to doubling the number of patients for many NDD risk genes, we present phenotype–genotype correlations for seven risk genes (CTCF, HNRNPU, KCNQ3, ZBTB18, TCF12, SPEN, and LEO1) based on this large-scale targeted sequencing effort.

Copyright information:

© The Author(s) 2020

This is an Open Access work distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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