Lysophosphatidic Acid and Autotaxin-associated Effects on the Initiation and Progression of Colorectal Cancer

• Authors: Changhyon Yun, Emory University
• Journal Title: Cancers
• Volume: Volume 11, Number 7
• Publisher: MDPI | 2019-06-26
• Type of Work: Article | Final Publisher PDF
• Publisher DOI: http://doi.org/10.3390/cancers11070958
• Subjects: Health Sciences, Oncology; Health Sciences, Medicine and Surgery
• Keywords: Science & Technology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; Oncology; lysophosphatidic acid; colorectal cancer; inflammation; intestine; PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTOR; INTESTINAL EPITHELIAL-CELLS; HUMAN-COLON-CARCINOMA; NA+/H+ EXCHANGER 3; ULCERATIVE-COLITIS; LPA RECEPTORS; GROWTH-FACTOR; MEDIATED PHOSPHORYLATION; ABERRANT EXPRESSION; LYSOPHOSPHOLIPASE-D

Abstract

The intestinal epithelium interacts dynamically with the immune system to maintain its barrier function to protect the host, while performing the physiological roles in absorption of nutrients, electrolytes, water and minerals. The importance of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and its receptors in the gut has been progressively appreciated. LPA signaling modulates cell proliferation, invasion, adhesion, angiogenesis, and survival that can promote cancer growth and metastasis. These effects are equally important for the maintenance of the epithelial barrier in the gut, which forms the first line of defense against the milieu of potentially pathogenic stimuli. This review focuses on the LPA-mediated signaling that potentially contributes to inflammation and tumor formation in the gastrointestinal tract.