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Correspondence should be addressed to T. Kai (tkaisho@ifrec.osaka-u.ac.jp), I.R.W. (irwilli@emory.edu), or H.O. (ohno@rcai.riken.jp)
Author Contributions I.R.W., K.H. and H.O. conceived the study; T. Kanaya designed and performed the experiments, analyzed data and wrote the manuscript; K.H. contributed adoptive transfer experiments and data analyses; D.T. and Y.K. helped perform flow cytometric analyses; S.F. and T.J. helped with S. Typhimurium infection experiments; K.N. and A.S. performed expression analyses; K.H., I.S., H.H. and Ts.K. generated Spib−/− mice; K.A.K., N.K. and I.R.W. developed the RANKL treatment protocol; M.S. and K.T. helped with electron microscopy; O.Y. and T. Katsuno provided human PPs samples; S.J.M. provided SM1 transgenic mice; K.H. and I.R.W. edited the manuscript; H.O. directed the research and edited the manuscript.
This study was supported in part by Grants-in-Aid for Young Scientists (A) (22689017 to K.H.) and (B) (23790550 to T. Kanaya), Scientific Research (B) (21390155 to H.O.; 20390146 and 23390124 to Ts.K.) and (C) (18590483 to Ts.K.), Scientific Research in Priority Areas (21022049 to K.H.; 20060033 and 21022048 to Ts.K.), and Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (20113003 to H.O.; 21117003 to Ts.K.) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan, Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO) (to K.H.) from Japan Science and Technology Agency, Incentive Research Grant Proposals from RIKEN (to T. Kanaya), and also by the Sasakawa Scientific Research Grant from The Japan Science Society (to K.H.), Takeda Science Foundation (to H.O.), The Mitsubishi Foundation (to H.O.), The Uehara Memorial Foundation (to Ts.K.), the National Institutes of Health (DK64730 to I.R.W.), and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1006977 to I.R.W.). T.D. and I.S. are supported by RIKEN Junior Research Associate grant.
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