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Correspondence: david.hughes@ucd.ie; Tel.: +353-1-716-6988
Jeb Jones ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9165-1658
Conceptualization, D.J.H., V.F., C.M., J.E.H., L.S., M.J. and E.R.; Data curation, D.J.H., J.E.H., V.F., L.S. and M.J.; Formal analysis, V.F., D.J.H., J.S.J., W.Z., C.M. and M.J.; Funding acquisition, D.J.H., V.F., J.E.H., C.M., L.S. and M.J.
Investigation, D.J.H., V.F., C.M., J.E.H., L.S., S.H. (Sandra Hybsier), A.S. and M.J.; Methodology, V.F., D.J.H., J.E.H., C.M., M.J., L.S. and E.R.; Project administration, D.J.H., V.F., C.M., J.E.H. and M.J.
Resources, D.J.H., V.F., C.M., J.E.H., M.J., and all other EPIC co-authors (K.O., A.T. (Anne Tjønneland), H.O., V.P., M.-C.B.-R.,T.K., V.K., K.A., A.Tr., A.K. (Anna Karakatsani), A.K. (Anastasia Kotanidou), R.T., S.P., G.M., C.A., A.N., B.B.-d.-M., R.C.H.V., E.W., G.S., T.H.N., L.L.-B., J.R.Q., J.M.H., M.R.-B., A.B., B.G., S.H. (Sophia Harlid), K.E.B., N.W., K.-T.K., M.G., N.M., H.F., K.T., D.A., and E.R.); Software, V.F., D.J.H., A.S., J.S.J., W.Z., L.S. and M.J.; Supervision, D.J.H., V.F., L.S. and M.J.; Validation, D.J.H., V.F., C.M., A.S., S.H. (Sandra Hybsier) and L.S.; Writing—original draft, D.J.H., V.F., M.J., C.M., and J.E.H.; Writing—review and editing, all other EPIC co-authors (K.O., A.T. (Anne Tjønneland), H.O., V.P., M.-C.B.-R.,T.K., V.K., K.A., A.T. (Antonia Trichopoulou), A.K. (Anna Karakatsani), A.K. (Anastasia Kotanidou), R.T., S.P., G.M., C.A., A.N., B.B.-d.-M., R.C.H.V., E.W., G.S., T.H.N., L.L.-B., J.R.Q., J.M.H., M.R.-B., A.B., B.G., S.H. (Sophia Harlid), K.E.B., N.W., K.-T.K., M.G., N.M., H.F., K.T., D.A. and E.R.) reviewed and approved the manuscript and commented on the analysis and interpretation of the findings.
The lead authors (D.J.H., V.F., C.M., J.E.H. and M.J.) affirm that the manuscript is an honest, accurate, and transparent account of the study being reported; that no important aspects of the study have been omitted; and that any discrepancies from the study as planned have been explained.
We thank all the members of EPIC for their work on the EPIC cohort study.
The authors declare no competing interests.
Funding for this study was provided by the Health Research Board of Ireland health research awards HRA_PHS/2013/397 and HRA_PHS/2015/1142 (principal investigator: D.J.H.).
The EPIC study was supported by “Europe Against Cancer” Programme of the European Commission (SANCO); Ligue contre le Cancer; Institut Gustave Roussy; Mutuelle Générale de l’Education Nationale; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM); German Cancer Aid; German Cancer Research Center; German Federal Ministry of Education and Research; Danish Cancer Society; Health Research Fund (FIS) of the Spanish Ministry of Health; the CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; ISCIII RETIC (RD06/0020); Spanish Regional Governments of Andalusia, Asturias, Basque Country, Murcia (No 6236) and Navarra and the Catalan Institute of Oncology; Cancer Research UK; Medical Research Council, UK; the Hellenic Health Foundation; Italian Association for Research on Cancer; Italian National Research Council; Compagnia di San Paolo; Dutch Ministry of Public Health, Welfare and Sports (VWS), Netherlands Cancer Registry (NKR), LK Research Funds, Dutch Prevention Funds, Dutch ZON (ZorgOnderzoek Nederland), World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF), Statistics Netherlands (The Netherlands); Swedish Cancer Society; Swedish Scientific Council; Regional Governments of Skane and Vasterbotten, Sweden; and Nordforsk center of excellence programme HELGA.
L.S. was supported by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG Research Unit 2558 TraceAge, Scho 849/6-1).
D.P. was supported by the Associazione Italiana per la Ricercasul Cancro-AIRC-Italy.
© 2019 by the authors.