Pair housing of Macaques: A review of partner selection, introduction techniques, monitoring for compatibility, and methods for long-term maintenance of pairs

• Authors: Melissa A. Truelove, Emory University; Allison L. Martin, Emory University; Jaine E. Perlman, Emory University; Jennifer Wood, Emory University; Mollie Bloomsmith, Emory University
• Journal Title: American Journal of Primatology
• Volume: Volume 79, Number 1
• Publisher: Wiley: 12 months | 2017-01, Pages e22485-e22485
• Type of Work: Article | Post-print: After Peer Review
• Publisher DOI: http://doi.org/10.1002/ajp.22485
• Subjects: Sociology, Public and Social Welfare; Agriculture, Animal Culture and Nutrition; Psychology, Social
• Keywords: Socialization; pairing; captive social management; welfare; Macaques; partner selection

Abstract

Pair housing of macaques has become a widely implemented compromise between meeting the social needs of the monkeys and allowing for their use in biomedical research. While beneficial to the animals, pair housing can provide challenges for those caring for them. Drawing from both scientific literature and direct experience, this paper provides a review of practical aspects of pair housing including partner selection, pairing methodologies, staff education, and equipment considerations. Recommendations include selecting a pairing method appropriate to the facility and the individual animals being paired, educating staff on social behavior, and establishing a pair monitoring program to facilitate long-term pair maintenance. Assessment of behavior is essential in determining the compatibility of new pairs and in identifying established pairs that may need interventions to enhance their long-term compatibility. The pair housing program at the Yerkes National Primate Research Center is described as one model of a successful program.