Adenovirus Death Protein (ADP) Is Required for Lytic Infection of Human Lymphocytes

• Authors: V. K. Murali, Georgia State University; D. A Ornelles, Wake Forest School of Medicine; Linda Gooding, Emory University; H. T. Wilms, Georgia State University; W. Huang, Georgia State University; A. E. Tollefson, St. Louis University; W. S. M. Wold, St. Louis University; C. Garnett-Benson, Georgia State University
• Journal Title: Journal of Virology
• Volume: Volume 88, Number 2
• Publisher: AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY | 2014-01-01, Pages 903-912
• Type of Work: Article | Final Publisher PDF
• Publisher DOI: http://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.01675-13
• Subjects: Biology, Microbiology; Health Sciences, Immunology
• Keywords: Science & Technology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; Virology; VIROLOGY; HUMAN LYMPHOID-CELLS; E3-11.6K PROTEIN; GENE-EXPRESSION; VIRUS-INFECTION; C ADENOVIRUS; APOPTOSIS; LATENCY; LINES; LYSIS; E3

Abstract

The adenovirus death protein (ADP) is expressed at late times during a lytic infection of species C adenoviruses. ADP promotes the release of progeny virus by accelerating the lysis and death of the host cell. Since some human lymphocytes survive while maintaining a persistent infection with species C adenovirus, we compared ADP expression in these cells with ADP expression in lymphocytes that proceed with a lytic infection. Levels of ADP were low in KE37 and BJAB cells, which support a persistent infection. In contrast, levels of ADP mRNA and protein were higher in Jurkat cells, which proceed with a lytic infection. Epithelial cells infected with an ADP-overexpressing virus died more quickly than epithelial cells infected with an ADP-deleted virus. However, KE37, and BJAB cells remained viable after infection with the ADP-overexpressing virus. Although the levels of ADP mRNA increased in KE37 and BJAB cells infected with the ADP-overexpressing virus, the fraction of cells with detectable ADP was unchanged, suggesting that the control of ADP expression differs between epithelial and lymphocytic cells. When infected with an ADP-deleted adenovirus, Jurkat cells survived and maintained viral DNA for greater than 1 month. These findings are consistent with the notion that the level of ADP expression determines whether lymphocytic cells proceed with a lytic or a persistent adenovirus infection.