Concise Review: Challenges in Clinical Development of Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Ilenia Mastrolia, University‐Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Elisabetta Manuela Foppiani, Childrens Healthcare Atlanta; Alba Murgia, University‐Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Olivia Candini, Rigenerand Srl; Anna Valeria Samarelli, University‐Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Giulia Grisendi, University‐Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Elena Veronesi, University‐Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Edwin Horwitz, Emory University; Massimo Dominici, University‐Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia
• Language: English
• Date: 2019-07-16
• Publisher: WILEY
• Publication Version: Final Published Version
• Copyright Statement: © 2019 The Authors. Stem Cells Translational Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of AlphaMed Press
• License: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sctm.19-0044
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: STEM CELLS TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
• Volume: 8
• Issue: 11
• Start Page: 1135
• End Page: 1148
• Grant/Funding Information: This work is supported in parts by H2020 project Orthounion (Grant 733288), by “Progetto Dipartimenti Eccellenti 2017” from Ministero Istruzione Università Ricerca (MIUR).
• Keywords: PROGENITOR CELLS; PLATELET LYSATE; Cell & Tissue Engineering; OSTEOGENESIS IMPERFECTA; Science & Technology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; STEM-CELLS; INTERNATIONAL-SOCIETY; FAT TISSUE; UMBILICAL-CORD BLOOD; SCALE PRODUCTION; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; Cell Biology; BONE-MARROW
• Research Categories: Biology, Cell

Abstract

Identified 50 years ago, mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) immediately generated a substantial interest among the scientific community because of their differentiation plasticity and hematopoietic supportive function. Early investigations provided evidence of a relatively low engraftment rate and a transient benefit for challenging congenital and acquired diseases. The reasons for these poor therapeutic benefits forced the entire field to reconsider MSC mechanisms of action together with their ex vivo manipulation procedures. This phase resulted in advances in MSCs processing and the hypothesis that MSC-tissue supportive functions may be prevailing their differentiation plasticity, broadening the spectrum of MSCs therapeutic potential far beyond their lineage-restricted commitments. Consequently, an increasing number of studies have been conducted for a variety of clinical indications, revealing additional challenges and suggesting that MSCs are still lagging behind for a solid clinical translation. For this reason, our aim was to dissect the current challenges in the development of still promising cell types that, after more than half a century, still need to reach their maturity. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2019;8:1135–1148.