Racial Differences and Correlates of Potential Adoption of Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP): Results of a National Survey

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Gina M Wingood, Emory University; Kristin L Dunkle, Emory University; Christina Camp, Emory University; Shilpa Patel, Emory University; Julia Ellenberg Painter, Emory University; Anna Rubtsova, Emory University; Ralph Joseph Diclemente, Emory University
• Language: English
• Date: 2013-06
• Publisher: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins
• Publication Version: Author Accepted Manuscript (After Peer Review)
• Copyright Statement: © 2013 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
• Final Published Version (URL): http://journals.lww.com/jaids/pages/articleviewer.aspx?year=2013&issue=06011&article=00016&type=abstract
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
• ISSN: 1525-4135
• Volume: 63
• Issue: 0 1
• Start Page: S95
• End Page: S101
• Grant/Funding Information: This project was funded by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development grant R01 HD041716-01A1.; Additional support was offered by the Emory Center for AIDS Research (P30 AI050409), Award Number T32AI074492 from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and the Women’s Interagency HIV Study (WIHS-V) (U01AI103408).
• Keywords: PrEP; women; HIV/AIDS; Racial differences
• Research Categories: Health Sciences, Immunology; Health Sciences, Public Health; Sociology, Ethnic and Racial Studies

Abstract

Objective To examine the association between sociodemographic factors, sexual behaviors, and social factors on potential uptake of PrEP among African-American and White adult women in the United States. Methods Participants were recruited through a nationally representative random-digit dial telephone household survey. Participants comprised a nationally representative random sample of unmarried African-American (N=1068) and White women (N=441) aged 20–44. Interviews were conducted using computer-assisted telephone interviewing technology. Bivariate and multivariate analyses examined the relationship between sociodemographics, sexual behaviors, and social influences on women’s potential uptake of PrEP. Results In multivariate analyses, women with lower educational status, greater lifetime sexual partners, provider recommendations supportive of PrEP, and peer norms supportive of PrEP use were more likely to report potential PrEP uptake. Racial analyses revealed that compared to White women, African-American women were significantly more likely to report potential use of PrEP (aOR=1.76; p ≤ 0.001), more likely to report use PrEP if recommended by a healthcare provider (aOR=1.65; p≤0.001), less likely to report that they would be embarrassed to ask a healthcare provider for PrEP (aOR=0.59; p ≤ 0.05) and more likely to report use of PrEP if their female friends also used PrEP (aOR=2.2; p ≤ 0.001). The potential cost for PrEP was identified as a barrier to adoption by both African-American and White women. Conclusions Findings suggest that women at increased risk for HIV, including those with less education and greater number of sexual partners, may be more likely to use PrEP, although cost may serve as a barrier.