Nasopharyngeal Haemophilus and local immune response during infant respiratory syncytial virus infection

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Meghan H. Shilts, Vanderbilt University; Christian Rosas-Salazar, Vanderbilt University; Kedir N. Turi, Vanderbilt University; Devi Rajan, Emory University; Seesandra V. Rajagopala, Vanderbilt University; Megan F. Patterson, Vanderbilt University; Tebeb Gebretsadik, Vanderbilt University; Larry Anderson, Emory University; R. Stokes Peebles, Vanderbilt University; Tina V. Hartert, Vanderbilt University; Suman R. Das, Vanderbilt University
• Language: English
• Date: 2021-03-01
• Publisher: Mosby-Elsevier
• Publication Version: Final Published Version
• Copyright Statement: © 2020 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology.
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2020.06.023
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
• Volume: 147
• Issue: 3
• Start Page: 1097
• End Page: 1101
• Grant/Funding Information: Vanderbilt Technologies for Advanced Genomics Core (grant support from the National Institutes of Health under awards UL1RR024975, P30CA68485, P30EY08126, and G20RR030956 ).; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (under awards K23HL148638 and R01HL146401 );; Supported by funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (under awards U19AI095227, K24AI77930, HHSN272200900007C, R21AI142321, and U19AI110819 );; Parker B. Francis Fellowship Program; the Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (grant support from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences under award UL1TR000445 )
• Keywords: Children; Asthma; Immunology; Risk; Allergy; Association; Validation; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; Science & Technology

Abstract

The accumulating evidence suggests that viral-bacterial interactions can affect short- and long-term outcomes of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) due to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in infancy. In particular, prior studies have found that in young children with RSV ARIs, a higher relative abundance of Haemophilus in the nasopharynx is associated with an increased viral load,1 delayed viral clearance,2 a different gene expression profile,3 , 4 and more severe disease.3 , 4 However, the mechanisms underlying these associations are largely unknown. To address this gap in knowledge, we examined the association of the nasopharyngeal relative abundance of Haemophilus with viral load and 52 local immune mediators in 105 infants with an RSV-only ARI (ie, no coinfections) who were enrolled in the Infant Susceptibility to Pulmonary Infections and Asthma following RSV Infection in Infancy (INSPIRE) study.