Metabolic response to radiation therapy in cancer

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Graham H Read, University of California Los Angeles; Justine Bailleul, University of California Los Angeles; Erina Vlashi, University of California Los Angeles; Aparna Kesarwala, Emory University
• Language: English
• Date: 2021-12-27
• Publisher: WILEY
• Publication Version: Author Accepted Manuscript (After Peer Review)
• Copyright Statement: © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mc.23379
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: MOLECULAR CARCINOGENESIS
• Volume: 61
• Issue: 2
• Start Page: 200
• End Page: 224
• Keywords: INDUCIBLE FACTOR-I; FATTY-ACID SYNTHASE; cancer; OXYGEN SPECIES PRODUCTION; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; PYRUVATE-KINASE M2; ATP-CITRATE LYASE; oxidative stress; REGULATORY T-CELLS; metabolism; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; ONE-CARBON METABOLISM; SPECTROMETRY-BASED METABOLOMICS; Oncology; radiation therapy; TOTAL-BODY IRRADIATION; CELL-CYCLE PROGRESSION; radiosensitivity; Science & Technology

Abstract

Tumor metabolism has emerged as a hallmark of cancer and is involved in carcinogenesis and tumor growth. Reprogramming of tumor metabolism is necessary for cancer cells to sustain high proliferation rates and enhanced demands for nutrients. Recent studies suggest that metabolic plasticity in cancer cells can decrease the efficacy of anticancer therapies by enhancing antioxidant defenses and DNA repair mechanisms. Studying radiation-induced metabolic changes will lead to a better understanding of radiation response mechanisms as well as the identification of new therapeutic targets, but there are few robust studies characterizing the metabolic changes induced by radiation therapy in cancer. In this review, we will highlight studies that provide information on the metabolic changes induced by radiation and oxidative stress in cancer cells and the associated underlying mechanisms.