Alternative and Natural Therapies for Acute Lung Injury and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Vipul J. Patel, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center; Sreeja Biswas Roy, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center; Hiren J. Mehta, University of Florida; Myungsoo Joo, Pusan National University; Ruxana T. Sadikot, Emory University
• Language: English
• Date: 2018-05-16
• Publisher: Hindawi Publishing Corporation
• Publication Version: Final Published Version
• Copyright Statement: © 2018 Vipul J. Patel et al.
• License: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2476824
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: BioMed Research International
• ISSN: 2314-6133
• Volume: 2018
• Start Page: 2476824
• End Page: 2476824
• Keywords: MICE; RAW 264.7 MACROPHAGES; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; NF-KAPPA-B; Science & Technology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; CURCUMIN; Research & Experimental Medicine; HEME OXYGENASE-1 INDUCTION; EXPRESSION; HYDROXYSAFFLOR YELLOW; IN-VITRO; INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE
• Research Categories: Health Sciences, Medicine and Surgery; Health Sciences, General

Abstract

Introduction. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a complex clinical syndrome characterized by acute inflammation, microvascular damage, and increased pulmonary vascular and epithelial permeability, frequently resulting in acute respiratory failure and death. Current best practice for ARDS involves "lung-protective ventilation," which entails low tidal volumes and limiting the plateau pressures in mechanically ventilated patients. Although considerable progress has been made in understanding the pathogenesis of ARDS, little progress has been made in the development of specific therapies to combat injury and inflammation. Areas Covered. In recent years, several natural products have been studied in experimental models and have been shown to inhibit multiple inflammatory pathways associated with acute lung injury and ARDS at a molecular level. Because of the pleiotropic effects of these agents, many of them also activate antioxidant pathways through nuclear factor erythroid-related factor 2, thereby targeting multiple pathways. Several of these agents are prescribed for treatment of inflammatory conditions in the Asian subcontinent and have shown to be relatively safe. Expert Commentary. Here we review natural remedies shown to attenuate lung injury and inflammation in experimental models. Translational human studies in patients with ARDS may facilitate treatment of this devastating disease.