Global prevalence of mild cognitive impairment among older adults living in nursing homes: a meta-analysis and systematic review of epidemiological surveys

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Pan Chen, University of Macau; Hong Cai, University of Macau; Wei Bai, University of Macau; Zhaohui Su, Southeast University; Yilang Tang, Emory University; Gabor S. Ungvari, University of Notre Dame Australia; Chee H. Ng, University of Melbourne; Qinge Zhang, Capital Medical University; Y-T Xiang, University of Macau
• Language: English
• Date: 2023-03-11
• Publisher: SPRINGERNATURE
• Publication Version: Final Published Version
• Copyright Statement: © The Author(s) 2023, corrected publication 2023
• License: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41398-023-02361-1
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
• Volume: 13
• Issue: 1
• Start Page: 88
• End Page: 88
• Grant/Funding Information: This study was supported by the Scientific Research Common Program of Beijing Municipal Commission of Education (Grant No.: KM202010025011), the Beijing Municipal Science & Tech Commission (Grant No: Z191100006619061), the capital health research and development of special (Grant No.: 2022-3-2124), Beijing Talents Foundation (Grant No.: 2017000021469G222), and the University of Macau (MYRG2019-00066-FHS).
• Keywords: Science & Technology; ASSOCIATION; Psychiatry; RESIDENTS; ORAL-HEALTH; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; CARE HOMES; COMMUNITY; RISK-FACTORS; DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS; PROGRESSION; ELDERLY-PEOPLE; DEMENTIA
• Research Categories: Psychology, Clinical; Health Sciences, Epidemiology

Abstract

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is the early stage of cognitive impairment between the expected cognitive decline of normal aging and the more serious decline of dementia. This meta-analysis and systematic review explored the pooled global prevalence of MCI among older adults living in nursing homes and its relevant factors. The review protocol was registered in INPLASY (INPLASY202250098). PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, PsycINFO, and CINAHL databases were systematically searched from their respective inception dates to 8 January 2022. The inclusion criteria were made based on the PICOS acronym, as follows: Participants (P): Older adults living in nursing homes; Intervention (I): not applicable; Comparison (C): not applicable; Outcome (O): prevalence of MCI or the data can generate the prevalence of MCI according to study-defined criteria; Study design (S): cohort studies (only baseline data were extracted) and cross-sectional studies with accessible data published in a peer-reviewed journal. Studies involving mixed resources, reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, case studies, and commentaries were excluded. Data analyses were performed using Stata Version 15.0. Random effects model was used to synthesize the overall prevalence of MCI. An 8-item instrument for epidemiological studies was used to assess the quality of included studies. A total of 53 articles were included involving 376,039 participants with a mean age ranging from 64.42 to 86.90 years from 17 countries. The pooled prevalence of MCI in older adults in nursing homes was 21.2% (95% CI: 18.7–23.6%). Subgroup and meta-regression analyses revealed that the screening tools used were significantly associated with MCI prevalence. Studies using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (49.8%) had a higher prevalence of MCI than those using other instruments. No significant publication bias was found. Several limitations warrant attention in this study; for example, significant heterogeneity between studies remained and some factors associated with the prevalence of MCI were not examined due to insufficient data. Adequate screening measures and allocation of resources are needed to address the high global prevalence of MCI among older adults living in nursing homes.