Sustained Effectiveness of Monovalent and Pentavalent Rotavirus Vaccines in Children

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Lilly Cheng Immergluck, Morehouse School of Medicine; Trisha Chan Parker, Morehouse School of Medicine; Shabnam Jain, Emory University; Elham Laghaie, Morehouse School of Medicine; Philip Spandorfer, Pediat Emergency Med Associates; Robert Jerris, Emory University; Michael D. Bowen, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent; Umesh D. Parashar, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent; Margaret M. Cortese, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent
• Language: English
• Date: 2016-05-01
• Publisher: Elsevier
• Publication Version: Author Accepted Manuscript (After Peer Review)
• Copyright Statement: © 2016 Elsevier Inc.
• License: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.01.042
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: Journal of Pediatrics
• ISSN: 0022-3476
• Volume: 172
• Start Page: 116
• End Page: +
• Grant/Funding Information: Supported by the Emerging Infections Program, funded through the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (U50CK000196-02).; L.I. received funding from National Center for Advancing Translations Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Clinical Research and Education Career Development Program (8R25MD007589-10).
• Keywords: HEALTH-CARE UTILIZATION; RISK-FACTORS; SURVEILLANCE; HOSPITALIZATION; DIARRHEA; PREVENTION; Pediatrics; VACCINATION; GASTROENTERITIS; UNITED-STATES; Science & Technology; US CHILDREN; Life Sciences & Biomedicine
• Research Categories: Health Sciences, Public Health; Health Sciences, Immunology

Abstract

Objective Using case-control methodology, we measured the vaccine effectiveness (VE) of the 2-dose monovalent rotavirus vaccine (RV1) and 3-dose pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RV5) series given in infancy against rotavirus disease resulting in hospital emergency department or inpatient care. Study design Children were eligible for enrollment if they presented to any 1 of 3 hospitals in Atlanta, Georgia with diarrhea ≤10 days duration during January-June 2013 and were born after RV1 introduction. Stool samples were tested for rotavirus by enzyme immunoassay and immunization records were obtained from providers and the state electronic immunization information system. Case-subjects (children testing rotavirus antigen-positive) were compared with children testing rotavirus antigen-negative. Results Overall, 98 rotavirus-case subjects and 175 rotavirus-negative controls were enrolled. Genotype G12P[8] predominated (n = 87, 89%). The VE of 2 RV1 doses was 84% (95% CI 38, 96) among children aged 8-23 months and 82% (95% CI 41, 95) among children aged ≥24 months. For the same age groups, the VE of 3 RV5 doses was 80% (95% CI 27, 95) and 87% (95% CI 22, 98), respectively. Conclusions Under routine use, the RV1 and RV5 series were both effective against moderate-to-severe rotavirus disease during a G12P[8] season, and both vaccines demonstrated sustained protection beyond the first 2 years of life.