The structure of intelligence in children and adults with high functioning autism

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Gerald Goldstein, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System; Daniel N. Allen, University of Nevada, Las Vegas; Nancy J. Minshew, University of Pittsburgh; Diane L. Williams, Duquesne University; Fred Volkmar, Yale University; Ami Klin, Emory University; Robert J. Schultz, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
• Language: English
• Date: 2008-05-01
• Publisher: Taylor & Francis (Routledge): STM, Behavioural Science and Public Health Titles
• Publication Version: Author Accepted Manuscript (After Peer Review)
• Copyright Statement: © 2008 American Psychological Association.
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0894-4105.22.3.301
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: Aging, Neuropsychology and Cognition
• ISSN: 1382-5585
• Volume: 22
• Issue: 3
• Start Page: 301
• End Page: 312
• Grant/Funding Information: This research was supported by the University of Pittsburgh Collaborative Programs of Excellence in Autism; the Yale Collaborative Programs of Excellence in Autism; and the Medical Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs.
• Keywords: UNDERCONNECTIVITY; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; INDIVIDUALS; Neurosciences; SCHIZOPHRENIA; intelligence testing; WAIS-R; CONFIRMATORY FACTOR-ANALYSIS; Psychology; Neurosciences & Neurology; confirmatory factor analysis; autism; SENTENCE COMPREHENSION; Psychology, Clinical; DIAGNOSTIC OBSERVATION SCHEDULE; CONNECTIVITY; Science & Technology; Social Sciences; FIT; VALIDATION
• Research Categories: Health Sciences, Mental Health; Psychology, Clinical; Biology, Neuroscience

Abstract

Confirmatory factor analyses of the commonly used 11 subtests of the Wechsler child and adult intelligence scales were accomplished for 137 children and 117 adults with high functioning autism (HFA) and for comparable age groups from the standardization samples contained in the Wechsler manuals. The objectives were to determine whether the structure of intelligence in HFA groups was similar to that found in the normative samples, and whether a separate "social context" factor would emerge that was unique to HFA. Four-factor models incorporating a Social Context factor provided the best fit in both the autism and normative samples, but the subtest intercorrelations were generally lower in the autism samples. Findings suggest similar organization of cognitive abilities in HFA, but with the possibility of underconnectivity or reduced communication among brain regions in autism.