Lactobacilli Modulate Epithelial Cytoprotection through the Nrf2 Pathway

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Rheinallt Jones, Emory University; Chirayu Desai, Emory University; Trevor M. Darby, Emory University; Liping Luo, Emory University; Alexandra A. Wolfarth, Emory University; Christopher Scharer, Emory University; Courtney S. Ardita, Emory University; Erin S. Keebaugh, Emory University; Andrew Neish, Emory University
• Language: English
• Date: 2015-08-13
• Publisher: Elsevier (Cell Press): OAJ
• Publication Version: Final Published Version
• Copyright Statement: © 2015 The Authors.
• License: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2015.07.042
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: Cell Reports
• ISSN: 2211-1247
• Volume: 12
• Issue: 8
• Start Page: 1217
• End Page: 1225
• Grant/Funding Information: R.M.J. is supported in part by NIH grant R01DK098391, and A.S.N. is supported, in part, by National Institutes of Health grant R01DK071604 and RO1AI064462.
• Keywords: ANTIOXIDANT RESPONSE; FORMYL PEPTIDE RECEPTOR; Cell Biology; Science & Technology; RESTITUTION; HOMEOSTASIS; DROSOPHILA; PROLIFERATION; RADIATION; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; GENERATION; REACTIVE OXYGEN
• Research Categories: Biology, Molecular; Health Sciences, Pathology; Biology, Microbiology

Abstract

An optimal gut microbiota influences many beneficial processes in the metazoan host. However, the molecular mechanisms that mediate and function in symbiont-induced host responses have not yet been fully characterized. Here, we report that cellular ROS enzymatically generated in response to contact with lactobacilli in both mice and Drosophila has salutary effects against exogenous insults to the intestinal epithelium via the activation of Nrf2 responsive cytoprotective genes. These data show that the xenobiotic-inducible Nrf2 pathway participates as a signaling conduit between the prokaryotic symbiont and the eukaryotic host. Indeed, our data imply that the capacity of lactobacilli to induce redox signaling in epithelial cells is a highly conserved hormetic adaptation to impel cellular conditioning to exogenous biotic stimuli. These data also highlight the role the microbiota plays in eukaryotic cytoprotective pathways and may have significant implications in the characterization of a eubiotic microbiota.