Oral human papillomavirus prevalence, persistence, and risk-factors in HIV-positive and HIV-negative adults

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: James Riddell, University of Michigan Medical School; Andrew F Brouwer, University of Michigan; Heather M Walline, University of Michigan Medical School; Lora P Campredon, University of Michigan; Rafael Meza, University of Michigan; Marisa C Eisenberg, University of Michigan; Emily C Andrus, University of Michigan; Rachel L Delinger, University of Michigan; Monica L Yost, University of Michigan; Jodi K McCloskey, University of Michigan; Trey B Thomas, University of Michigan; Suiyuan Huang, University of Michigan; Robert L Ferris, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center; Dong Shin, Emory University; Carole Fakhry, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center; Thomas Ow, Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University; Daniel Li, Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University; Ashley Berlot, Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University; Thomas E Carey, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center; Nicolas F Schlecht, Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University
• Language: English
• Date: 2022-06-01
• Publisher: Emory University Libraries
• Publication Version: Final Published Version
• Copyright Statement: © 2022 The Author(s)
• License: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tvr.2022.200237
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: Tumour Virus Research
• Volume: 13
• Start Page: 200237
• End Page: 200237
• Grant/Funding Information: This work was supported by the NIH NCI JHU SPORE CA P50 supplement: Oral HPV infection and clearance in HIV infected and non-infected individuals, National Institutes for Health Grant U01CA182915, NIH NCI U01 PAR-13-081: From mechanism to population: Modeling HPV-related oropharyngeal Carcinogenesis, the University of Michigan M-Cubed Program, a pilot grant from the University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center's Cancer Epidemiology & Prevention Program (supported by the National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health grant P30CA046592), and the Michigan Institute for Clinical and Health Research (NIH Grant UL1TR000433). This project was also supported in part by National Cancer Institute P30 grants to the Einstein Cancer Research Center (CA013330), Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center (CA016056).
• Keywords: HPV prevalence; Human papillomavirus; Humans; Papillomavirus Infections; Alphapapillomavirus; Mouth Diseases; HIV Infections; Incidence; Papillomaviridae; Male; HPV clearance; Female; Prevalence; Oral cavity; Risk Factors; HPV; Human immunodeficiency virus; Adult
• Research Categories: Health Sciences, Epidemiology; Health Sciences, Oncology

Abstract

Background: HIV has been shown to increase the likelihood of oral HPV infection. In this study, we evaluated the risk of oral HPV in HIV infected patients compared with HIV-negative controls. Methods: 101 healthy adult volunteers (HIV-) and 245 adults living with HIV infection (HIV+) were recruited from 5 academic medical centers. Questionnaires and saliva samples were obtained every 3–8 months over a period of 2 years (2015–2017). DNA was isolated from the saliva samples and tested for 18 high- and low-risk genotypes. Results: Oral HPV was detected in 23% of HIV + vs. 10% of HIV- participants (p < 0.0001). Men had a higher oral HPV prevalence than women (27% vs. 15% HIV+, p = 0.03, 16% vs. 5% HIV-, p = 0.01). Risk factors among HIV + participants included more lifetime deep kissing and oral sex partners, and history of AIDS. Persistent oral HPV was detected in 23% of HIV + vs. 5% of HIV- participants (p < 0.001). Among 8 HIV + participants with CD4 counts <200 cell/μL none had cleared their HPV infection during the study. Conclusions: Risk of oral HPV infection and persistence was significantly higher in HIV + adults with a history of poorly controlled HIV, which may put them at increased risk of HPV-associated cancer.