Improved survival after acute graft-versus-host disease diagnosis in the modern era

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Hanna Khoury, Emory University; Tao Wang, Medical College of Wisconsin; Michael T. Hemmer, Medical College of Wisconsin; Daniel Couriel, Utah Blood and Marrow Transplant Program-Adults; Amin Alousi, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Corey Cutler, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Mahmoud Aljurf, King Faisal Specialist Hospital Center & Research; Joseph H. Antin, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Mouhab Ayas, King Faisal Specialist Hospital Center & Research; Minoo Battiwalla, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute-NIH; Jean-Yves Cahn, University Hospital, Grenoble; Mitchell Cairo, New York Medical College; Yi-Bin Chen, Massachusetts General Hospital; Robert Peter Gale, Imperial College London; Shahrukh Hashmi, Mayo Clinic Rochester; Robert J. Hayashi, Washington University; Madan Jagasia, Vanderbilt University; Mark Juckett, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics; Rammurti T. Kamble, Baylor College of Medicine; Mohamed Kharfan-Dabaja, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute; Mark Litzow, Mayo Clinic Rochester; Navneet Majhail, Cleveland Clinic; Alan Miller, Baylor College of Medicine; Taiga Nishihori, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute; Muna Qayed, Emory University
• Language: English
• Date: 2017-05-01
• Publisher: Ferrata Storti Foundation
• Publication Version: Final Published Version
• Copyright Statement: Copyright © Ferrata Storti Foundation
• License: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.3324/haematol.2016.156356
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: Haematologica
• ISSN: 0390-6078
• Volume: 102
• Issue: 5
• Start Page: 958
• End Page: 966
• Grant/Funding Information: The CIBMTR is supported by Public Health Service Grant/Cooperative Agreement 5U24-CA076518 from the National Cancer Institute (NCI), the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI) and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID); a Grant/Cooperative Agreement 5U10HL069294 from NHLBI and NCI; a contract HHSH250201200016C with Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA/DHHS); two Grants N00014-15-1-0848 and N00014-16-1-2020 from the Office of Naval Research; and grants from Alexion; *Amgen, Inc.; Anonymous donation to the Medical College of Wisconsin; Astellas Pharma US; AstraZeneca; Be the Match Foundation; *Bluebird Bio, Inc.; *Bristol Myers Squibb Oncology; *Celgene Corporation; Cellular Dynamics International, Inc.; *Chimerix, Inc.; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; Gamida Cell Ltd.; Genentech, Inc.; Genzyme Corporation; *Gilead Sciences, Inc.; Health Research, Inc. Roswell Park Cancer Institute; HistoGenetics, Inc.; Incyte Corporation; Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC; *Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; Jeff Gordon Children’s Foundation; The Leukemia & Lymphoma Society; Medac, GmbH; MedImmune; The Medical College of Wisconsin; *Merck & Co, Inc.; Mesoblast; MesoScale Diagnostics, Inc.; *Miltenyi Biotec, Inc.; National Marrow Donor Program; Neovii Biotech NA, Inc.; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation; Onyx Pharmaceuticals; Optum Healthcare Solutions, Inc.; Otsuka America Pharmaceutical, Inc.; Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd. – Japan; PCORI; Perkin Elmer, Inc.; Pfizer, Inc; *Sanofi US; *Seattle Genetics; *Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; St. Baldrick’s Foundation; *Sunesis Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; Swedish Orphan Biovitrum, Inc.; Takeda Oncology; Telomere Diagnostics, Inc.; University of Minnesota; and *Wellpoint, Inc.
• Keywords: TACROLIMUS; UNRELATED DONORS; Hematology; GVHD; CYCLOSPORINE; MARROW-TRANSPLANTATION; RISK SCORE; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; PROPHYLAXIS; COMPARING METHOTREXATE; HEMATOPOIETIC-CELL TRANSPLANTATION; MORTALITY; Science & Technology
• Research Categories: Biology, Biostatistics; Health Sciences, Medicine and Surgery

Abstract

Acute graft-versus-host disease remains a major threat to a successful outcome after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. While improvements in treatment and supportive care have occurred, it is unknown whether these advances have resulted in improved outcome specifically among those diagnosed with acute graft-versus-host disease. We examined outcome following diagnosis of grade II-IV acute graft-versus-host disease according to time period, and explored effects according to original graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis regimen and maximum overall grade of acute graft-versus-host disease. Between 1999 and 2012, 2,905 patients with acute myeloid leukemia (56%), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (30%) or myelodysplastic syndromes (14%) received a sibling (24%) or unrelated donor (76%) blood (66%) or marrow (34%) transplant and developed grade II-IV acute graft-versus-host disease (n=497 for 1999-2001, n=962 for 2002-2005, n=1,446 for 2006-2010). The median (range) follow-up was 144 (4-174), 97 (4-147) and 60 (8-99) months for 1999-2001, 2002-2005, and 2006-2010, respectively. Among the cohort with grade II-IV acute graft-versus-host disease, there was a decrease in the proportion of grade III-IV disease over time with 56%, 47%, and 37% for 1999-2001, 2002-2005, and 2006-2012, respectively (P<0.001). Considering the total study population, univariate analysis demonstrated significant improvements in overall survival and treatment-related mortality over time, and deaths from organ failure and infection declined. On multivariate analysis, significant improvements in overall survival (P=0.003) and treatment-related mortality (P=0.008) were only noted among those originally treated with tacrolimus-based graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis, and these effects were most apparent among those with overall grade II acute graft-versus-host disease. In conclusion, survival has improved over time for tacrolimus-treated transplant recipients with acute graft-versus-host disease.