Critical Limb Ischemia Induces Remodeling of Skeletal Muscle Motor Unit, Myonuclear-, and Mitochondrial-Domains

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Mahir Mohiuddin, Georgia Institute of Technology; Nan Hee Lee, Georgia Institute of Technology; June Young Moon, Georgia Institute of Technology; Woojin M. Han, Georgia Institute of Technology; Shannon E. Anderson, Georgia Institute of Technology; Jeongmoon J. Choi, Georgia Institute of Technology; Eunjung Shin, Georgia Institute of Technology; Shadi A. Nakhai, Georgia Institute of Technology; Tran Thu, Georgia Institute of Technology; Berna Aliya, Georgia Institute of Technology; Do Young Kim, Georgia Institute of Technology; Aimee Gerold, Georgia Institute of Technology; Laura Hansen, Emory University; William Taylor, Emory University; Young C. Jang, Georgia Institute of Technology
• Language: English
• Date: 2019-07-02
• Publisher: Nature Research (part of Springer Nature): Fully open access journals
• Publication Version: Final Published Version
• Copyright Statement: © 2019, The Author(s).
• License: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-45923-4
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: Scientific Reports
• ISSN: 2045-2322
• Volume: 9
• Issue: 1
• Start Page: 9551
• End Page: 9551
• Grant/Funding Information: Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number R21AR072287 (Y.C.J.); and grants from Regenerative Engineering and Medicine.
• Keywords: BIOGENESIS; FIBER TYPES; GENE-EXPRESSION; REPERFUSION; Multidisciplinary Sciences; FUSION; Science & Technology; NEUROMUSCULAR-JUNCTION; SATELLITE CELLS; TRANSCRIPTION; PHOSPHORYLATION; REGENERATION; Science & Technology - Other Topics
• Research Categories: Engineering, Biomedical; Health Sciences, Medicine and Surgery

Abstract

Critical limb ischemia, the most severe form of peripheral artery disease, leads to extensive damage and alterations to skeletal muscle homeostasis. Although recent research has investigated the tissue-specific responses to ischemia, the role of the muscle stem cell in the regeneration of its niche components within skeletal muscle has been limited. To elucidate the regenerative mechanism of the muscle stem cell in response to ischemic insults, we explored cellular interactions between the vasculature, neural network, and muscle fiber within the muscle stem cell niche. Using a surgical murine hindlimb ischemia model, we first discovered a significant increase in subsynaptic nuclei and remodeling of the neuromuscular junction following ischemia-induced denervation. In addition, ischemic injury causes significant alterations to the myofiber through a muscle stem cell-mediated accumulation of total myonuclei and a concomitant decrease in myonuclear domain size, possibly to enhance the transcriptional and translation output and restore muscle mass. Results also revealed an accumulation of total mitochondrial content per myonucleus in ischemic myofibers to compensate for impaired mitochondrial function and high turnover rate. Taken together, the findings from this study suggest that the muscle stem cell plays a role in motor neuron reinnervation, myonuclear accretion, and mitochondrial biogenesis for skeletal muscle regeneration following ischemic injury.