The Role of Interventional Radiologists in the Treatment of Congenital Lymphatic Malformations

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Julie Cronan, Emory University; Anne Gill, Emory University; Jay Shah, Emory University; Clifford Hawkins, Emory University
• Language: English
• Date: 2020-08-01
• Publisher: THIEME MEDICAL PUBL INC
• Publication Version: Final Published Version
• Copyright Statement: © Thieme Medical Publishers
• License: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1713446
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: SEMINARS IN INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY
• Volume: 37
• Issue: 03
• Start Page: 285
• End Page: 294
• Keywords: INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY; PEDIATRIC HEAD; Science & Technology; VENOUS MALFORMATIONS; SIROLIMUS; KAPOSIFORM LYMPHANGIOMATOSIS; INTRALESIONAL BLEOMYCIN; lymphatic malformation; VASCULAR ANOMALIES; DOXYCYCLINE SCLEROTHERAPY; PERCUTANEOUS SCLEROTHERAPY; RADIOFREQUENCY ABLATION; sclerotherapy; sirolimus; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Life Sciences & Biomedicine
• Research Categories: Health Sciences, Medicine and Surgery

Abstract

Lymphatic malformations are low-flow vascular malformations that are typically apparent in the pediatric population and can cause significant functional limitations and effects on quality of life. While surgical resection has historically been the mainstay of therapy, percutaneous sclerotherapy has garnered increasing popularity due to its efficacy and low complication rates. The role of interventional radiology in the multidisciplinary management of these often complex malformations requires thorough understanding of the disease process. This article will review the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, imaging workup, and management options of lymphatic malformations. Special attention will be devoted to available sclerosants, the mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor sirolimus, and complex lymphatic anomalies.