Influenza vaccine-induced human bone marrow plasma cells decline within a year after vaccination

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Carl Davis, Emory University; Katherine JL Jackson, Stanford University; Megan M McCausland, Emory University; Jaime Darce, Cell Signaling Technol Inc; Cathy Chang, Emory University; Susanne L Linderman, Emory University; Chakravarthy Chennareddy, Emory University; Rebecca Gerkin, Emory University; Shantoria J Brown, Emory University; Jens Wrammert, Emory University; Aneesh Mehta, Emory University; Wan Cheung Cheung, Cell Signaling Technology, Inc., Danvers; Scott D Boyd, Stanford University; Edmund Waller, Emory University; Rafi Ahmed, Emory University
• Language: English
• Date: 2020-10-09
• Publisher: AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
• Publication Version: Author Accepted Manuscript (After Peer Review)
• Copyright Statement: © 2020 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works.
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aaz8432
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: SCIENCE
• Volume: 370
• Issue: 6513
• Start Page: 237
• End Page: +
• Grant/Funding Information: NIAID Centers of Excellence for Influenza Research and Surveillance (CEIRS) contract HHSN272201400004C; Influenza Pathogenesis and Immunology Research Center (IPIRC, CEIRS) contract HHSN266200700006C; NIH grants 1R01AI127877 and 1R01AI130398 (SDB).
• Keywords: IMMUNOGLOBULIN; GENERATION; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; Science & Technology; CLONING; MEMORY B-CELL; DURATION; HUMORAL IMMUNITY; RESPONSES; Multidisciplinary Sciences; Science & Technology - Other Topics

Abstract

A universal vaccine against influenza would ideally generate protective immune responses that are not only broadly reactive against multiple influenza strains but also long-lasting. Because long-term serum antibody levels are maintained by bone marrow plasma cells (BMPCs), we investigated the production and maintenance of these cells after influenza vaccination. We found increased numbers of influenza-specific BMPCs 4 weeks after immunization with the seasonal inactivated influenza vaccine, but numbers returned to near their prevaccination levels after 1 year. This decline was driven by the loss of BMPCs induced by the vaccine, whereas preexisting BMPCs were maintained. Our results suggest that most BMPCs generated by influenza vaccination in adults are short-lived. Designing strategies to enhance their persistence will be a key challenge for the next generation of influenza vaccines.