The association of goal-striving stress with sleep duration and sleep quality among African Americans in the Jackson Heart Study

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Loretta R. Cain-Shields, University of Mississippi; Dayna Johnson, Emory University; LáShauntá Glover, University of North Carolina; Mario Sims, University of Mississippi
• Language: English
• Date: 2020-02-01
• Publisher: Elsevier
• Publication Version: Author Accepted Manuscript (After Peer Review)
• Copyright Statement: © 2019 National Sleep Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
• License: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sleh.2019.08.007
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: Sleep Health
• Volume: 6
• Issue: 1
• Start Page: 117
• End Page: 123
• Grant/Funding Information: Dr. Sims is supported by the grants P60MD002249 U54MD008176 from NIMHD; 15SFDRN26140001 and P50HL120163 from the American Heart Association.; Ms. Glover is supported by the Genetic Epidemiology of Heart, Lung, and Blood Traits Training Grant (GENHLB) T32 HL129982.; Tougaloo College (HHSN268201800014I), the Mississippi State Department of Health (HHSN268201800015I) and the University of Mississippi Medical Center (HHSN268201800010I, HHSN268201800011I and HHSN268201800012I) contracts from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) and the National Institute for Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD).; The Jackson Heart Study (JHS) is supported and conducted in collaboration with Jackson State University (HHSN268201800013I); Dr. Johnson is supported by NHLBI K01HL138211.
• Keywords: Behaviors; Hypertension; Sleep duration; Goal-striving stress; Racial disparities; Perceived discrimination; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; African Americans; Psychosocial stress; Disturbances; Race; Sleep quality; Clinical Neurology; Jackson Heart Study; Mental health; Impact; Psychosocial stressors; Sample; Science & Technology; Neurosciences & Neurology
• Research Categories: Health Sciences, Mental Health; Biology, Neuroscience; Health Sciences, Epidemiology; Health Sciences, Medicine and Surgery

Abstract

Background: African Americans (AAs) report a higher frequency of certain stressors over their lifetime which may impact biological processes that can impair sleep. For this reason, goal-striving stress (GSS), the difference between aspiration and achievement, weighted by disappointment, may contribute to poor sleep quality and suboptimal sleep duration among AAs. Methods: We completed a cross-sectional analysis using exam 1 data (2000-2004) from the Jackson Heart Study (JHS) (n=4943). GSS was self-reported and categorized in tertiles of low, moderate, and high. Participants self-reported the number of hours they slept each night and rated their sleep quality as (1) very poor to (5) excellent. Sleep duration categories included the following: short sleep (≤6 hours), normal sleep (7-8 hours) and long sleep (≥ 9 hours). Sleep quality was categorized as high (good/very good/excellent) and low (fair/poor). Relative risk ratios (RRRs 95% confidence intervals-CI) were estimated for sleep duration and sleep quality categories by GSS using logistic regression. Results: After full adjustment, there were no significant associations between GSS and sleep duration categories. However, participants who reported high (versus low) GSS had a 20% greater risk (1.20 95% CI: 1.01, 1.43) of low (versus high) sleep quality in the fully adjusted model. Conclusion: The stress due to the deficit between goal aspiration and achievement was associated with poor sleep quality. Future investigations should examine the association of changes in GSS with changes in sleep duration and sleep quality.