Assessment of Depression among African American Light Smokers

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Carla Berg, Emory University; Lisa Sanderson Cox, University of Kansas; Won S. Choi, University of Kansas; Matthew S. Mayo, University of Kansas; Ron Krebill, University of Kansas; Carrie A. Bronars, University of Kansas; Jasjit S. Ahluwalia, University of Minnesota
• Language: English
• Date: 2012-03-01
• Publisher: SAGE Publications (UK and US)
• Publication Version: Author Accepted Manuscript (After Peer Review)
• Copyright Statement: © 2011 SAGE Publications.
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359105311414953
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: Journal of Health Psychology
• ISSN: 1359-1053
• Volume: 17
• Issue: 2
• Start Page: 197
• End Page: 206
• Grant/Funding Information: Dr Ahluwalia is funded by the National Institute for Minority Health Disparities (NIMHD/NIH - 1P60MD003422).; This research is conducted at the University of Kansas School of Medicine and Swope Health Services with support from the National Institutes of Health (R01 CA091912; PI: Lisa Sanderson Cox).
• Keywords: smoking; MAJOR DEPRESSION; Psychology, Clinical; depression; psychological distress; SELF-REPORT; NICOTINE DEPENDENCE; SOCIAL SUPPORT; nicotine dependence; smoking cessation; NEGATIVE AFFECT; SMOKING-CESSATION; YOUNG-ADULTS; PERCEIVED STRESS; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; SYMPTOMS; race; Psychology; Social Sciences
• Research Categories: Psychology, General; Health Sciences, Public Health

Abstract

Given the relationship between depression and smoking, we compared the two-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2) and 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CESD-10) in assessing depressive symptoms among African American light smokers in a clinical trial of bupropion. Of 539 participants, 21.3 percent reported significant depressive symptoms on the PHQ-2, 31.0 percent screened positive per CESD-10, 36.8 percent reported symptoms on either, and 15.6 percent screened positive on both (r = 0.47, p <.001). Having depressive symptoms was associated with less education, decreased positive affect and social support, and greater levels of negative affect and perceived stress. Cessation treatment should assess depression and address these symptoms.