Outcomes Following Post-Hemorrhagic Ventricular Dilatation among Infants of Extremely Low Gestational Age

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Seetha Shankaran, Wayne State University; Monika Bajaj, Wayne State University; Girija Natarajan, Wayne State University; Shampa Saha, RTI International, Research Triangle Park; Athina Pappas, Wayne State University; Alexis S Davis, Stanford University; Susan R Hintz, Stanford University; Ira Adams-Chapman, Emory University; Anhik Das, RTI International, Research Triangle Park; Edward F Bell, University of Iowa; Barbara Stoll, Emory University; Michele C Walsh, Case Western Reserve University; Abbot R Laptook, Brown University; Waldemar A Carlo, University of Alabama Birmingham; Krisa P Van Meurs, Stanford University; Pablo J Sanchez, Ohio State University; Bethany M Ball, Stanford University; Ellen C Hale, Emory University; Ruth Seabrook, Ohio State University; Rosemary D Higgins, George Mason University
• Language: English
• Date: 2020-11-01
• Publisher: MOSBY-ELSEVIER
• Publication Version: Author Accepted Manuscript (After Peer Review)
• Copyright Statement: © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
• License: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.07.080
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
• Volume: 226
• Start Page: 36
• End Page: +
• Keywords: Pediatrics; SHUNT; NECROTIZING ENTEROCOLITIS; PRETERM INFANTS; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; Science & Technology; HYDROCEPHALUS; HEMORRHAGE

Abstract

Objective: To assess outcomes following post-hemorrhagic ventricular dilatation (PHVD) among infants born at ≤26 weeks of gestation. Study design: Observational study of infants born April 1, 2011, to December 31, 2015, in the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network and categorized into 3 groups: PHVD, intracranial hemorrhage without ventricular dilatation, or normal head ultrasound. PHVD was treated per center practice. Neurodevelopmental impairment at 18-26 months was defined by cerebral palsy, Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, 3rd edition, cognitive or motor score <70, blindness, or deafness. Multivariable logistic regression examined the association of death or impairment, adjusting for neonatal course, center, maternal education, and parenchymal hemorrhage. Results: Of 4216 infants, 815 had PHVD, 769 had hemorrhage without ventricular dilatation, and 2632 had normal head ultrasounds. Progressive dilatation occurred among 119 of 815 infants; the initial intervention in 66 infants was reservoir placement and 53 had ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement. Death or impairment occurred among 68%, 39%, and 28% of infants with PHVD, hemorrhage without dilatation, and normal head ultrasound, respectively; aOR (95% CI) were 4.6 (3.8-5.7) PHVD vs normal head ultrasound scan and 2.98 (2.3-3.8) for PHVD vs hemorrhage without dilatation. Death or impairment was more frequent with intervention for progressive dilatation vs no intervention (80% vs 65%; aOR 2.2 [1.38-3.8]). Death or impairment increased with parenchymal hemorrhage, intervention for PHVD, male sex, and surgery for retinopathy; odds decreased with each additional gestational week. Conclusions: PHVD was associated with high rates of death or impairment among infants with gestational ages ≤26 weeks; risk was further increased among those with progressive ventricular dilation requiring intervention.