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Mitigation of SARS-CoV-2 transmission at a large public university

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  • 05/22/2025
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Authors
    Diana Rose E Ranoa, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignRobin L Holland, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignFadi G Alnaji, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignKelsie J Green, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignLeyi Wang, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignRichard L Fredrickson, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignTong Wang, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignGeorge N Wong, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignJohnny Uelmen, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignSergei Maslov, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignZachary J Weiner, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignAlexei Tkachenko, Brookhaven National LaboratoryHantao Zhang, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignZhiru Liu, Stanford UniversityAhmed Ibrahim, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignSanjay J Patel, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignJohn M Paul, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignNickolas P Vance, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignJoseph G Gulick, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignSandeep Puthanveetil Satheesan, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignIsaac J Galvan, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignAndrew Miller, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignJospeh Grohens, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignTodd J Nelson, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignMary P Stevens, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignMark P Hennessy, Inabyte, NavatoRobert C Parker, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignEdward Santos, OSF HealthcareCharles Brackett, OSF HealthcareJulie D Steinman, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignMelvin R Fenner, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignKirstin Dohrer, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignMichael DeLorenzo, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignLaura Wilhelm-Barr, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignBrian R Brauer, Illinois Fire Service InstituteCatherine Best-Popescu, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignGary Durack, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignNathan Wetter, TekmillDavid M Kranz, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignJessica Breitbarth, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignCharlie Simpson, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignJulie A Pryde, Champaign-Urbana Public Health DistrictRobin N Kaler, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignChris Harris, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignAllison C Vance, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignJodi L Silotto, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignMark Johnson, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignEnrique Andres Valera, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignPatricia K Anton, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignLowa Mwilambwe, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignStephen P Bryan, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignDeborah S Stone, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignDanita B Young, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignWanda E Ward, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignJohn Lantz, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignJohn A Vozenilek, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignRashid Bashir, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignJeffrey S Moore, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignMayank Garg, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignJulian C Cooper, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignGillian Snyder, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignMichelle H Lore, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignDustin L Yocum, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignNeal J Cohen, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignJan E Novakofski, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignMelanie J Loots, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignRandy L Ballard, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignMark Band, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignKayla M Banks, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignJoseph D Barnes, University of Illinois Health, ChicagoIuliana Bentea, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignJessica Black, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignJeremy Busch, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignAbigail Conte, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthMadison Conte, Johns Hopkins School of MedicineMichael Curry, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignJennifer Eardley, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignApril Edwards, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignTherese Eggett, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignJudes Fleurimont, University of Illinois HealthDelaney Foster, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignBruce W Fouke, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignNicholas Gallagher, Johns Hopkins UniversityNicole Gastala, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthScott A Genung, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignDeclan Glueck, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignBrittani Gray, University of Illinois HealthAndrew Greta, University of Illinois System OfficeRobert M Healy, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignAshley Hetrick, University of Wisconsin-MadisonArianna A Holterman, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignNahed Ismail, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignIan Jasenof, University of Illinois HealthPatrick Kelly, University of Wisconsin-MadisonAaron Kielbasa, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignTeresa Kiesel, University of Wisconsin-MadisonLorenzo M Kindle, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignRhonda L Lipking, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignYukari C Manabe, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, BaltimoreReubin McGuffin, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignKenton G McHenry, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignAgha Mirza, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, BaltimoreJada Moseley, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignHeba H Mostafa, Johns Hopkins UniversityMelody Mumford, University of Illinois Health, ChicagoKathleen Munoz, University of Illinois Health, ChicagoArika D Murray, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignMoira Nolan, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignNil A Parikh, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignAndrew Pekosz, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, BaltimoreJanna Pflugmacher, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignJanise M Phillips, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignCollin Pitts, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMark C Potter, University of Illinois at ChicagoJames Quisenberry, University of Illinois at ChicagoJanelle Rear, University of Illinois System, UrbanaMatthew L Robinson, Johns Hopkins School of MedicineEdith Rosillo, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignLeslie N Rye, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignMaryEllen Sherwood, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignAnna Simon, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignJamie M Singson, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignCarly Skadden, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignTina H Skelton, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignCharlie Smith, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignMary Stech, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignRyan Thomas, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignMattew A Tomaszewski, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignErika A Tyburski, Emory UniversityScott Vanwingerden, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignEvette Vlach, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignRonald S Watkins, University of Illinois System Office, UrbanaKarriem Watson, University of Illinois Health, ChicagoKaren C White, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, UrbanaTimothy L Killeen, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, UrbanaRobert J Jones, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, UrbanaAndreas C Cangellaris, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, UrbanaSusan A Martinis, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, UrbanaAwais Vaid, Champaign-Urbana Public Health DistrictChristopher B Brooke, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, UrbanaJoseph T Walsh, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, UrbanaAhmed Elbanna, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, UrbanaWilliam C Sullivan, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, UrbanaRebecca L Smith, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, UrbanaNigel Goldenfeld, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, UrbanaTimothy M Fan, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, UrbanaPaul J Hergenrother, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, UrbanaMartin D Burke, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana
Language
  • English
Date
  • 2022-06-09
Publisher
  • NATURE PORTFOLIO
Publication Version
Copyright Statement
  • © The Author(s) 2022
License
Final Published Version (URL)
Title of Journal or Parent Work
Volume
  • 13
Issue
  • 1
Start Page
  • 3207
End Page
  • 3207
Grant/Funding Information
  • A.El. acknowledges partial support by NSF CAREER Award No. 1753249. This work made use of the Illinois Campus Cluster, a computing resource that is operated by the Illinois Campus Cluster Program (ICCP) in conjunction with the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) and which is supported by funds from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
  • This work was supported by the University of Illinois System Office, the Office of the Vice-Chancellor for Research and Innovation, the Grainger College of Engineering, and the Department of Physics at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
  • Z.J.W. is supported in part by the United States Department of Energy Computational Science Graduate Fellowship, provided under Grant No. DE-FG02-97ER25308.
  • This research was partially done at, and used resources of the Center for Functional Nanomaterials, which is a U.S. DOE Office of Science Facility, at Brookhaven National Laboratory under Contract No.~DE-SC0012704. This study was also partially funded by the National Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering grant number U54EB027690, part of the National Institutes of Health.
Supplemental Material (URL)
Abstract
  • In Fall 2020, universities saw extensive transmission of SARS-CoV-2 among their populations, threatening health of the university and surrounding communities, and viability of in-person instruction. Here we report a case study at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, where a multimodal “SHIELD: Target, Test, and Tell” program, with other non-pharmaceutical interventions, was employed to keep classrooms and laboratories open. The program included epidemiological modeling and surveillance, fast/frequent testing using a novel low-cost and scalable saliva-based RT-qPCR assay for SARS-CoV-2 that bypasses RNA extraction, called covidSHIELD, and digital tools for communication and compliance. In Fall 2020, we performed >1,000,000 covidSHIELD tests, positivity rates remained low, we had zero COVID-19-related hospitalizations or deaths amongst our university community, and mortality in the surrounding Champaign County was reduced more than 4-fold relative to expected. This case study shows that fast/frequent testing and other interventions mitigated transmission of SARS-CoV-2 at a large public university.
Author Notes
Keywords
Research Categories
  • Health Sciences, Pathology
  • Chemistry, Biochemistry
  • Chemistry, General

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