On the basis of visa type: Insights into incorporation and health among foreign-born people in the United States

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Alicia Dunajcik, Emory University; Solveig Argeseanu Cunningham, Emory University
• Language: English
• Date: 2023-01-01
• Publisher: Elsevier Ltd.
• Publication Version: Final Published Version
• Copyright Statement: © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
• License: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmh.2022.100146
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: Journal of Migration and Health
• Volume: 7
• Start Page: 100146
• End Page: 100146
• Keywords: Visa type; Health; Employment; Diversity; Migration; Refugee; Chronic conditions; Incorporation
• Research Categories: Health Sciences, Epidemiology; Health Sciences, Medicine and Surgery

Abstract

Foreign-born people have different patterns of health, and several psychosocial and contextual factors may contribute to these differences. Type of visa with which one resettles is an important consideration because it is linked both with the reason for initially migrating and with experiences after arriving in the U.S. This study examines the association between visa type and health in terms of self-rated health and diagnosed chronic conditions. Using the New Immigrant Survey (NIS), a nationally representative study of foreign-born people at the time of receiving legal permanent residence in the U.S., we used logistic regression models to estimate the odds of having chronic conditions and the odds of reporting fair or poor health. People who had refugee, asylum, parole and post-arrival legalization visa types had the highest prevalence of any chronic condition; they were also most likely to report being in fair or poor self-rated health, even after controlling for other characteristics. Conversely, people who had diversity visas had the highest self-rated health and the fewest chronic conditions. Overall, the type of visa a person holds is associated with health and chronic disease even years after resettlement.