Microbiological effectiveness of disinfecting water by boiling in rural Guatemala

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Rosa Ghislaine, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine; Laura Miller, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine; Thomas Clasen, Emory University
• Language: English
• Date: 2010-03
• Publisher: American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
• Publication Version: Final Published Version
• Copyright Statement: © The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
• Final Published Version (URL): http://www.ajtmh.org/content/82/3/473.long
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
• ISSN: 0002-9637
• Volume: 82
• Issue: 3
• Start Page: 473
• End Page: 477
• Research Categories: Health Sciences, Public Health

Abstract

Boiling is the most common means of treating water in the home and the benchmark against which alternative point-of-use water treatment options must be compared. In a 5-week study in rural Guatemala among 45 households who claimed they always or almost always boiled their drinking water, boiling was associated with a 86.2% reduction in geometric mean thermotolerant coliforms (TTC) (N = 206, P < 0.0001). Despite consistent levels of fecal contamination in source water, 71.2% of stored water samples from self-reported boilers met the World Health Organization guidelines for safe drinking water (0 TTC/100 mL), and 10.7% fell within the commonly accepted low-risk category of (1–10 TTC/100 mL). As actually practiced in the study community, boiling significantly improved the microbiological quality of drinking water, though boiled and stored drinking water is not always free of fecal contaminations.