Locking the Revolving Door: Racial Disparities in Cardiovascular Disease

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Gladys Velarde, University of Florida; Katia Bravo-Jaimes, University of California Los Angeles; Eric J Brandt, University of Michigan; Daniel Wang, University of California Los Angeles; Paul Douglass, Wellstar Atlanta Medical Center; Luis R Castellanos, University of California San Diego; Fatima Rodriguez, Stanford University; Latha Palaniappan, Stanford University; Uzoma Ibebuogu, University of Tennessee; Rachel Bond, Dignity Health, Gilbert AZ; Keith Ferdinand, Tulane School of Medicine; Gina Lundberg, Emory University; Ritu Thamman, University of Pittsburgh; Krishnaswami Vijayaraghavan, University of Arizona; Karol Watson, University of California Los Angeles
• Language: English
• Date: 2023-04-18
• Publisher: WILEY
• Publication Version: Final Published Version
• Copyright Statement: © 2023 The Authors. Published on behalf of the American Heart Association, Inc., by Wiley.
• License: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.122.025271
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
• Volume: 12
• Issue: 8
• Start Page: e025271
• End Page: e025271
• Grant/Funding Information: None.
• Keywords: PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL-DISEASE; BLOOD-PRESSURE; HEALTH-CARE; HEART-FAILURE; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; cardiovascular disease; ETHNIC-DIFFERENCES; UNITED-STATES; racial; Science & Technology; Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; ASIAN-AMERICANS; disparities; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; RISK-FACTORS; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; SOCIAL DETERMINANTS
• Research Categories: Health Sciences, Medicine and Surgery

Abstract

Racial disparities in cardiovascular disease are unjust, systematic, and preventable. Social determinants are a primary cause of health disparities, and these include factors such as structural and overt racism. Despite a number of efforts implemented over the past several decades, disparities in cardiovascular disease care and outcomes persist, pervading more the outpatient rather than the inpatient setting, thus putting racial and ethnic minority groups at risk for hospital readmissions. In this article, we discuss differences in care and outcomes of racial and ethnic minority groups in both of these settings through a review of registries. Furthermore, we explore potential factors that connote a revolving door phenomenon for those whose adverse outpatient environment puts them at risk for hospital readmissions. Additionally, we review promising strate-gies, as well as actionable items at the policy, clinical, and educational levels aimed at locking this revolving door.