Biomimetic nanovesicle design for cardiac tissue repair

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Sruti Bheri, Georgia Institute of Technology; Jessica R Hoffman, Emory University; Hyun-Ji Park, Georgia Institute of Technology; Michael Davis, Emory University
• Language: English
• Date: 2020-08-05
• Publisher: FUTURE MEDICINE LTD
• Publication Version: Final Published Version
• Copyright Statement: © 2020 Future Medicine Ltd
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/nnm-2020-0097
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: NANOMEDICINE
• Volume: 15
• Issue: 19
• Start Page: 1873
• End Page: 1896
• Grant/Funding Information: Funding was received from the NIH (HL145644).
• Keywords: cardiac; MESENCHYMAL STEM-CELLS; DRUG-DELIVERY; EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES; FUNCTIONAL DELIVERY; ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; design; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; B16BL6-DERIVED EXOSOMES; exosome; REPERFUSION INJURY; PROTEIN CORONA; COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION; extracellular vesicle; CELL-DERIVED EXOSOMES; Science & Technology; clearance; homing; nanovesicle; cargo modulation; Science & Technology - Other Topics; engineering; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
• Research Categories: Health Sciences, Medicine and Surgery; Engineering, Biomedical

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Exosome therapies are promising for cardiac repair. Exosomes transfer cargo between cells, have high uptake by native cells and are ideal natural carriers for proteins and nucleic acids. Despite their proreparative potential, exosome production is dependent on parent cell state with typically low yields and cargo variability. Therefore, there is potential value in engineering exosomes to maximize their benefits by delivering customized, potent cargo for cardiovascular disease. Here, we outline several methods of exosome engineering focusing on three important aspects: optimizing cargo, homing to target tissue and minimizing clearance. Finally, we put these methods in context of the cardiac field and discuss the future potential of vesicle design.