Associations of sleep duration and social jetlag with cardiometabolic risk factors in the study of Latino youth

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Dayna Johnson, Emory University; Michelle Reid, Brigham & Womens Hosp; Thanh-Huyen T Vu, Northwestern University; Linda C Gallo, San Diego State University; Martha L Daviglus, University of Illinois at Chicago; Carmen R Isasi, Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Susan Redline, Brigham and Women’s Hospital; Mercedes Carnethon, Northwestern University
• Language: English
• Date: 2020-10-01
• Publisher: ELSEVIER
• Publication Version: Author Accepted Manuscript (After Peer Review)
• Copyright Statement: © 2020 National Sleep Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
• License: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sleh.2020.02.017
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: SLEEP HEALTH
• Volume: 6
• Issue: 5
• Start Page: 563
• End Page: 569
• Grant/Funding Information: The following Institutes/Centers/Offices contribute to the HCHS/SOL through a transfer of funds to the NHLBI: National Center on Minority Health and Health Disparities, the National Institute of Deafness and Other Communications Disorders, the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, and the Office of Dietary Supplements.; The SOL Youth Study was supported by Grant Number R01HL102130 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.; The children in SOL Youth are drawn from the study of adults: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos, which was supported by contracts from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) to the University of North Carolina (N01-HC65233), University of Miami (N01-HC65234), Albert Einstein College of Medicine (N01-HC65235), Northwestern University (N01-HC65236), and San Diego State University (N01-HC65237).; Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, (NHLBI) T32HL007901-18 and K01HL138211.; SR was supported by R35HL135818.
• Keywords: Hispanic/Latino; HEALTH; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CHILDREN; OBESITY; Youth; Science & Technology; Minority health; BODY-MASS; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; Social jetlag; Clinical Neurology; Cardiometabolic risk factors; Neurosciences & Neurology; INADEQUATE SLEEP; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; BLOOD-PRESSURE; Sleep; ADOLESCENTS; OVERWEIGHT

Abstract

Objective: We investigated associations of sleep duration and social jetlag with cardiometabolic outcomes. Participants: Boys and girls aged 8–16 years from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latino Youth. Measurements: Participants (n = 1,208) completed a clinical examination where anthropometric characteristics, health behaviors, and health history were measured. Sleep duration was calculated as the weighted average of self-reported weekday and weekend bedtimes and wake times and categorized into age-specific cutoffs for short vs. normal sleep. “Social jetlag” was defined as the absolute difference in the midpoint of the sleep period between weekdays and weekends, measured continuously and dichotomized (≥2 hours), with higher values indicating more displacement of sleep timing across the week. Regression models tested the associations between sleep measures (separately) and cardiometabolic outcomes (e.g., healthy eating index [0–100], physical activity-minutes per week, obesity, diabetes, hypertension) after adjustment for covariates. Results: The average sleep duration was 9.5 hours (95% confidence interval: 9.3, 9.6) and the mean social jetlag was 2.5 (2.4, 2.7) hours. Participants with social jetlag reported more physical activity (β = 34.8 [13.14], P < .01), had a higher healthy eating index (β = 1.77 [0.87], P < .05] and lower odds of being overweight [OR = 0.66, (95% confidence interval 0.44, 0.99)]. Short sleep duration was associated with less physical activity but did not relate to other cardiometabolic outcomes. Conclusions: Social jetlag was associated with healthier behaviors and a lower odds of being overweight. Given these mixed findings, future research should further evaluate how to best characterize sleep timing differences in youth to identify health consequences.