Editorial: Origins of the Resting-State fMRI Signal

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: J. Jean Chen, Baycrest Health Sciences; Peter Herman, Yale University; Shella Keilholz, Emory University; Garth J. Thompson, ShanghaiTech University
• Language: English
• Date: 2020-10-27
• Publisher: FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
• Publication Version: Final Published Version
• Copyright Statement: © 2020 Chen, Herman, Keilholz and Thompson.
• License: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2020.594990
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
• Volume: 14
• Start Page: 594990
• End Page: 594990
• Keywords: Neurosciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; FUNCTIONAL CONNECTIVITY; arousal; head motion; Science & Technology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; resting-state fMRI; fMRI denoising; vascular modulation
• Research Categories: Health Sciences, Radiology; Biology, Neuroscience

Abstract

Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) has exponentially increased in adoption in the past decade. It is now a part of nearly every neuroimaging-based large-scale study of the human brain due to ease of use and versatility (Smith et al., 2013; Bookheimer et al., 2019; Zonneveld et al., 2019; Power, 2020). This has also led to the introduction of numerous derivative metrics. rs-fMRI is used in mapping the human-brain connectome and in understanding every aspect of cognitive function. It is also regarded as a promising biomarker for brain diseases ranging from dementia to traumatic brain injury to autism spectrum disorders. However, limitations on the sensitivity and specificity of rs-fMRI (Buckner et al., 2013) are a disadvantage. As we stand on the cusp of widespread adoption of rs-fMRI in clinical research, there is an urgent need to understand what we do not yet know about the origins of the rs-fMRI signal. This is the driving force behind our Research Topic, “Origins of the Resting-state fMRI Signal,” in which we strove to provide a comprehensive update on the quest for a better understanding.