Assessment of Vitamin D status and association with inflammation: Biomarkers Reflecting Inflammation and Nutritional Determinants of Anemia (BRINDA) project

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Melissa Young, Emory University; Jiangda Ou, Emory University; Cam Duong, Emory University; Hanqi Luo, Emory University; Yara S Beyh, Emory University; Jiawei Meng, Emory University; Alison D Gernand, Pennsylvania State University; Daniel E Roth, Hospital for Sick Children University of Toronto; Parminder Suchdev, Emory University
• Language: English
• Date: 2023-01-01
• Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
• Publication Version: Author Accepted Manuscript (After Peer Review)
• Copyright Statement: © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Society for Nutrition.
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajcnut.2022.10.018
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
• Volume: 117
• Issue: 1
• Start Page: 175
• End Page: 181
• Grant/Funding Information: This study was funded in part by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, HarvestPlus, and the United States Agency for International Development. The funders were not involved in interpretation or publication of findings.
• Keywords: Vitamin D; Vitamins; Adolescent; Middle Aged; females of reproductive age; Biomarkers; Humans; Anemia; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency; Nutritional Status; Young Adult; Inflammation; Female; micronutrient assessment; Vitamin D Deficiency; Child, Preschool; Adult; C-Reactive Protein; preschool age children; vitamin D; inflammation; Cross-Sectional Studies; BRINDA

Abstract

Background: It is unclear whether 25(OH)D concentrations in children and female adults may be influenced by inflammation and thus require adjustment when estimating the population prevalence of vitamin D deficiency. Objectives: We examined correlations between inflammation biomarkers, CRP or alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), and serum 25(OH)D concentrations among preschool children (PSC; 6–59 mo) and nonpregnant females of reproductive age (FRA; 15–49 y). Methods: We analyzed cross-sectional data from 6 nationally representative nutrition surveys (Afghanistan, Cambodia, Pakistan, UK, USA, and Vietnam) conducted among PSC (n = 9880) and FRA (n = 14,749) from the Biomarkers Reflecting Inflammation and Nutritional Determinants of Anemia project. Rank correlations between CRP or AGP and 25(OH)D concentrations were examined while taking into account complex survey design effects. Results: Among both PSC and FRA, correlations between inflammation and vitamin D biomarkers were weak and inconsistent across surveys. For PSC, correlation coefficients between CRP and 25(OH)D concentrations ranged from −0.04 to 0.08, and correlations between AGP and 25(OH)D ranged from 0.01 to 0.05. Correlation coefficients between CRP and 25(OH)D for FRA ranged from −0.11 to 0.14, and correlations between AGP and 25(OH)D concentrations ranged from −0.05 to 0.01. Conclusions: Based on the weak and inconsistent correlations between CRP or AGP and 25(OH)D, there is no rationale to adjust for these inflammation biomarkers when estimating population prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in PSC or FRA.