Observation and Interview-based Diurnal Sleepiness Inventory for measurement of sleepiness in older adults.

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Victoria Pak, Emory University; S-Hakki Onen, Hôpital Edouard Herriot; Nalaka S. Gooneratne, University of Pennsylvania; Bruno Falissard, CHU Bichat Claude Bernard; Fannie Onen, University of Pennsylvania
• Language: English
• Date: 2017-09-29
• Publisher: Dove Medical Press
• Publication Version: Final Published Version
• Copyright Statement: © 2017 Pak et al. This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited.
• License: Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/NSS.S134112
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: Nature and Science of Sleep
• ISSN: 1179-1608
• Volume: 9
• Start Page: 241
• End Page: 247
• Grant/Funding Information: The National Institutes of Health (NIH) provided financial support in the form of 1K99NR014675-01/R00NR014675-03 funding (Pak).
• Keywords: questionnaires; functional status; sleep disorders; excessive daytime sleepiness
• Research Categories: Biology, Neuroscience

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: There is no established reference standard for subjective measures of sleepiness in older adults. METHODS: This study compares the Observation and Interview-based Diurnal Sleepiness Inventory (ODSI) with two existing instruments for measurement of sleepiness and daily functioning, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire (FOSQ). RESULTS: A total of 125 study participants were included in this study and were administered the ODSI, ESS and FOSQ; subjects had a mean age of 70.9 ± 5.27 years, mean Apnea-Hypopnea Index of 31.9 ± 27.9 events/hour and normal cognitive functioning (Mini-Mental State Examination score > 24). The ODSI showed a significant association with the ESS (Spearman's ρ: 0.67, P < 0.001) and with the FOSQ (Spearman's ρ: -0.52, P < 0.001). The ODSI 1 item (assessing sleepiness in active situations) was borderline significantly correlated with the ESS (β = 0.14; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.01 to 0.29; P = 0.069). ODSI 2 item (sleepiness in passive situations) was correlated with the ESS (β = 1.65; 95% CI, 1.32 to 1.98; P < 0.001). Both ODSI 1 (β = -0.15; 95% CI, -0.24 to -0.07; P < 0.001) and ODSI 2 (β = -0.35; 95% CI, -0.55 to 0.16; P < 0.001) were significantly correlated with the FOSQ. CONCLUSION: The ODSI is a suitable measure of sleepiness and is appropriate for usage in clinical care in older adults.