A Distinct Nasal Microbiota Signature in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Iman Khan, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York; Sylvia Wu, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York; Anika Hudson, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York; Clayton Hughes, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York; Gabriel Stryjniak, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York; Lars Westblade, Emory University; Michael J Satlin, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York; Nicholas Tedrow, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York; Aanne-Catrin Uhlemann, Columbia University; Colleen Kraft, Emory University; Darshana M Dadhania, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York; Jeffrey Silberzweig, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York; Iwijin De Vlaminck, Cornell University; Carol Li, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York; Vesh Srivatana, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York; John Richard Lee, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York
• Language: English
• Date: 2023-02-24
• Publisher: NIH
• Publication Version: Preprint (Prior to Peer Review)
• Copyright Statement: The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.
• License: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2023.02.23.23286379
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: medRxiv
• Volume: 2023
• Grant/Funding Information: This study was supported in part by R21AI164093 (JRL, IDW).
• Keywords: Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

Abstract

Rationale & Objective. The nasal passages harbor both commensal and pathogenic bacteria. In this study, we sought to characterize the anterior nasal microbiota in PD patients using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Study Design. Cross-sectional. Setting & Participants. We recruited 32 PD patients, 37 kidney transplant (KTx) recipients, 22 living donor/healthy control (HC) participants and collected anterior nasal swabs at a single point in time. Predictors. We performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing of the V4-V5 hypervariable region to determine the nasal microbiota. Outcomes. Nasal microbiota profiles were determined at the genus level as well as the amplicon sequencing variant level. Analytical Approach. We compared nasal abundance of common genera among the 3 groups using Wilcoxon rank sum testing with Benjamini-Hochberg adjustment. DESeq2 was also utilized to compare the groups at the ASV levels. Results. In the entire cohort, the most abundant genera in the nasal microbiota included: Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium, Streptococcus, and Anaerococcus. Correlational analyses revealed a significant inverse relationship between the nasal abundance of Staphylococcus and that of Corynebacterium. PD patients have a higher nasal abundance of Streptococcus than KTx recipients and HC participants. PD patients have a more diverse representation of Staphylococcus and Streptococcus than KTx recipients and HC participants. PD patients who concurrently have or who developed future Staphylococcus peritonitis had a numerically higher nasal abundance of Staphylococcus than PD patients who did not develop Staphylococcus peritonitis. Limitations. 16S RNA gene sequencing provides taxonomic information to the genus level. Conclusions. We find a distinct nasal microbiota signature in PD patients compared to KTx recipients and HC participants. Given the potential relationship between the nasal pathogenic bacteria and infectious complications, further studies are needed to define the nasal microbiota associated with these infectious complications and to conduct studies on the manipulation of the nasal microbiota to prevent such complications.