Dengue seroprevalence in a cohort of schoolchildren and their siblings in Yucatan, Mexico (2015-2016)

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Norma Pavía-Ruz, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán; Gloria Abigail Barrera-Fuentes, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán; Salha Villanueva-Jorge, Servicios de Salud de Yucatán; Azael Che-Mendoza, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán; Julio Cesar Campuzano-Rincón, Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica; Pablo Manrique-Saide, Emory University; Diana Patricia Rojas, University of Florida; Gonzalo Vazquez Prokopec, Emory University; M. Elizabeth Halloran, Center for Inference and Dynamics of Infectious Diseases; Ira M. Longini, University of Florida; Hector Gómez-Dantés, Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica
• Language: English
• Date: 2018-11-01
• Publisher: Public Library of Science
• Publication Version: Final Published Version
• Copyright Statement: © 2018 Pavía-Ruz et al.
• License: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0006748
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
• ISSN: 1935-2727
• Volume: 12
• Issue: 11
• Start Page: e0006748
• End Page: e0006748
• Grant/Funding Information: Sanofi-Pasteur Laboratories (DNG25); National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R37 AI032042) and National Institute of General Medical Sciences (U54 GM111274) from NIH financed this Project.; The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
• Keywords: Humans; Mexico; Dengue; Child; Dengue Virus; Students; Seroepidemiologic Studies; Siblings; Male; Antibodies, Viral; Child, Preschool; Adolescent; Cohort Studies; Female; Infant
• Research Categories: Biology, Biostatistics; Biology, Virology

Abstract

Background: The implementation of vector control interventions and potential introduction new tools requires baseline data to evaluate their direct and indirect effects. The objective of the study is to present the seroprevalence of dengue infection in a cohort of children 0 to 15 years old followed during 2015 to 2016, the risk factors and the role of enhanced surveillance strategies in three urban sites (Merida, Ticul and Progreso) in Yucatan, Mexico. Methods: A cohort of school children and their family members was randomly selected in three urban areas with different demographic, social conditions and levels of transmission. We included results from 1,844 children aged 0 to 15 years. Serum samples were tested for IgG, NS1 and IgM. Enhanced surveillance strategies were established in schools (absenteeism) and cohort families (toll-free number). Results: Seroprevalence in children 0 to 15 years old was 46.8 (CI 95% 44.1–49.6) with no difference by sex except in Ticul. Prevalence increased with age and was significantly lower in 0 to 5 years old (26.9%, 95% CI:18.4–35.4) compared with 6 to 8 years old (43.9%, 95% CI:40.1–47.7) and 9 to 15 years old (61.4%, 95% CI:58.0–64.8). Sharing the domestic space with other families increased the risk 1.7 times over the individual families that own or rented their house, while risk was significantly higher when kitchen and bathroom were outside. Complete protection with screens in doors and windows decreased risk of infection. Seroprevalence was significantly higher in the medium and high risk areas. Conclusions: The prevalence of antibodies in children 0 to 15 years in three urban settings in the state of Yucatan describe the high exposure and the heterogenous transmission of dengue virus by risk areas and between schools in the study sites. The enhanced surveillance strategy was useful to improve detection of dengue cases with the coincident transmission of chikungunya and Zika viruses.