Epidemiology of Sports-Related Eye Injuries Among Athletes in Tianjin, China

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Jingkai Zhang, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital; Xinlei Zhu, Shandong First Medical University; Zhiyong Sun, Tianjin Medical University; Jiaxing Wang, Emory University; Zhuoyu Sun, Tianjin Medical University; Jianan Li, Tianjin Medical University; Yunli Huang, Tianjin Medical University; Tian Wang, Tianjin Medical University; Ruotian Xie, Tianjin Medical University; Han Han, Tianjin Medical University; Xiao Zhao, Tianjin Medical University; Yinting Song, Tianjin Medical University; Miao Guo, Tianjin Medical University; Tiantian Yang, Tianjin Medical University; Haokun Zhang, Tianjin Medical University; Kai He, Tianjin Medical University; Yiming Li, Tianjin Medical University; Yi Lei, Tianjin Medical University; Yanfang Zhu, Tianjin Medical University; Bohao Cui, Tianjin Medical University; Yuyang Miao, Tianjin Medical University; Bo Huang, University of Mississippi; Rodrigo Brant, Federal University of São Paulo; Hua Yan, Tianjin Medical University
• Language: English
• Date: 2021-09-16
• Publisher: FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
• Publication Version: Final Published Version
• Copyright Statement: © 2021 Zhang, Zhu, Sun, Wang, Sun, Li, Huang, Wang, Xie, Han, Zhao, Song, Guo, Yang, Zhang, He, Li, Lei, Zhu, Cui, Miao, Huang, Brant and Yan.
• License: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.690528
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
• Volume: 8
• Start Page: 690528
• End Page: 690528
• Grant/Funding Information: This research was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Numbers 82020108007, 81830026) and Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Special Project (Grant Number 19JCZDJC64300(Z), 20JCZXJC00180).
• Keywords: General & Internal Medicine; athletes; training; Science & Technology; eye injury; Medicine, General & Internal; age; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; SCHOOL; family income
• Research Categories: Health Sciences, Epidemiology

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the incidence, characteristics, and risk factors of sports-related eye injuries among athletes in Tianjin, China. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out from March 2018 to October 2018. In this study, the athletes from Tianjin University of Sports, Tianjin Vocational College of Sports, and Tianjin provincial sports teams were selected for general investigation. In total, 1,673 athletes were invited and 1,413 participated in the study (response rate of 84.5%). Results: In total, 1,413 athletes were enrolled; 151 had suffered from sports-related eye injuries, with an incidence of 10.7% (95% CI: 9.1–12.0%). Handball (38.5%) was the sport with the highest incidence of eye injuries, followed by water polo (36.4%) and diving (26.7%). Overall, 42.4% of the athletes were injured by ball and 22.5% of injuries came from teammates. The eye injuries usually occurred during training (64.2%) and competitions (14.6%). Adnexa wound (51.7%) was the most common type of injury. About 11.9% of the athletes with eye injuries had the impaired vision; 66.7% failed to see doctors on time. The athletes <18 years of age had a higher risk of eye injuries (odds ratio [OR] =1.60, 95% CI: 1.06–2.40). The athletes with lower family income (<1,000 RMB) were at risk population for sports-related eye injuries (OR = 3.91, 95% CI: 2.24–6.82). Training >4 h a day increased the risk of eye injuries (OR = 2.21, 95% CI: 1.42–3.43). Conclusion: The incidence of sports-related eye injuries among athletes was 10.7% in Tianjin, China. Handball, water polo, and diving were the most common activities of injury. Age, family income, and training time were the risk factors for sports-related eye injuries.