Nano-Medicine in the Cardiovascular System

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Danielle Pretorius, University of Alabama Birmingham; Vahid Serpooshan, Emory University; Jianyi Zhang, University of Alabama Birmingham
• Language: English
• Date: 2021-03-04
• Publisher: FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
• Publication Version: Final Published Version
• Copyright Statement: © 2021 Pretorius, Serpooshan and Zhang.
• License: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.640182
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
• Volume: 12
• Start Page: 640182
• End Page: 640182
• Grant/Funding Information: This work was supported in part by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) through grants NHLBI grants RO1 HL95077, HL114120, HL131017, and HL149137.
• Keywords: POLYURETHANE NANOPARTICLES; therapeutic nanoparticles; DRUG-DELIVERY; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; diagnostic nanoparticles; CONTROLLED-RELEASE; ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH-FACTOR; CARBON NANOTUBES; cardiac nano-medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; regenerative exosomes; cardio-protective nanoparticles; GRAPHENE OXIDE; FACTOR-I; Science & Technology; PLGA NANOPARTICLES; IRON-OXIDE NANOPARTICLES
• Research Categories: Health Sciences, Pharmacology; Health Sciences, Public Health; Engineering, Biomedical

Abstract

Nano-medicines that include nanoparticles, nanocomposites, small molecules, and exosomes represent new viable sources for future therapies for the dysfunction of cardiovascular system, as well as the other important organ systems. Nanomaterials possess special properties ranging from their intrinsic physicochemical properties, surface energy and surface topographies which can illicit advantageous cellular responses within the cardiovascular system, making them exceptionally valuable in future clinical translation applications. The success of nano-medicines as future cardiovascular theranostic agents requires a comprehensive understanding of the intersection between nanomaterial and the biomedical fields. In this review, we highlight some of the major types of nano-medicine systems that are currently being explored in the cardiac field. This review focusses on the major differences between the systems, and how these differences affect the specific therapeutic or diagnostic applications. The important concerns relevant to cardiac nano-medicines, including cellular responses, toxicity of the different nanomaterials, as well as cardio-protective and regenerative capabilities are discussed. In this review an overview of the current development of nano-medicines specific to the cardiac field is provided, discussing the diverse nature and applications of nanomaterials as therapeutic and diagnostic agents.