2022 World Hypertension League, Resolve To Save Lives and International Society of Hypertension dietary sodium (salt) global call to action

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Norm RC Campbell, World Hypertension League; Paul K Whelton, World Hypertension League; Marcelo Orias, World Hypertension League; Richard D Wainford, International Society of Hypertension; Francesco P Cappuccio, British and Irish Hypertension Society; Nicole Ide, Resolve to Save Lives, an Initiative of Vital Strategies; Bruce Neal, WHO Collaborating Ctr Populat Salt Reduct; Jennifer Cohn, Resolve to Save Lives, an Initiative of Vital Strategies; Laura K Cobb, Resolve to Save Lives, an Initiative of Vital Strategies; Jacqui Webster, WHO Collaborating Centre on Population Salt Reduction; Kathy Trieu, WHO Collaborating Centre on Population Salt Reduction; Feng J He, Queen Mary University London; Rachael M McLean, University of Otago; Adriana Blanco-Metzler, Costa Rican Institute of Research and Teaching in Nutrition and Health (INCIENSA); Mark Woodward, WHO Collaborating Centre on Population Salt Reduction; Nadia Khan, International Society of Hypertension; Yoshihiro Kokubo, International Society of Hypertension Education Lead; Leo Nederveen, Pan American Health Organization; JoAnne Arcand, Ontario Tech University; Graham A MacGregor, Queen Mary University London; Mayowa O Owolabi, World Hypertension League; Liu Lisheng, World Hypertension League; Gianfranco Parati, World Hypertension League; Daniel T Lackland, World Hypertension League; Fadi J Charchar, International Society of Hypertension; Bryan Williams, International Society of Hypertension; Maciej Tomaszewski, International Society of Hypertension; Cesar Romero, Emory University; Beatriz Champagne, Coalición Latinoamérica Saludable (CLAS); Mary R L'Abbe, University of Toronto; Michael A Weber, World Hypertension League; Markus P Schlaich, High Blood Pressure Res Council Australia; Agnes Fogo, International Society of Nephrology; Valery L Feigin, World Stroke Organization; Rufus Akinyemi, African Stroke Organization; Felipe Inserra, Argentine Society of Arterial Hypertension; Bindu Menon, Dr Bindu Menon Foundation (India); Marcia Simas, Brazilian Society of Hypertension; Mario Fritsch Neves, Brazilian Society of Hypertension; Krassimira Hristova, World Hypertension League; Carolyn Pullen, Canadian Cardiovascular Society; Sanjay Pandeya, Canadian Society of Nephrology; Junbo Ge, Chinese Medical Doctors Association; Jorge E Jalil, Chilean Society of Hypertension; Ji-Guang Wang, Chinese Hypertens League; Jiri Wideimsky, Czech Society of Hypertension; Reinhold Kreutz, European Society of Hypertension; Ulrich Wenzel, German Society of Hypertension; Michael Stowasser, High Blood Pressure Research Council of Australia; Manuel Arango, Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada; Athanasios Protogerou, Hellenic Society of Hypertension; Eugenia Gkaliagkousi, Hellenic Society of Hypertension; Flávio Danni Fuchs, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre; Mansi Patil, India Association for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (IAPEN); Andy Wai-Kwong Chan, Hong Kong College of Cardiology; János Nemcsik, Hungarian Society of Hypertension; Ross T Tsuyuki, Hypertension Canada; Sanjeevi Nathamuni Narasingan, World Hypertension League; Nizal Sarrafzadegan, Iranian Heart Federation; María E Ramos, InterAmer Heart Fdn IAHF; Natalie Yeo, International Council of Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (ICCPR); Hiromi Rakugi, Japanese Society of Hypertension; Agustin J Ramirez, Latin American Society of Hypertension; Guillermo Álvarez, Latin American Society of Nephrology and Hypertension; Adel Berbari, Lebanese Hypertension League; Cho-il Kim, Korean Society of Community Nutrition; Sang-Hyun Ihm, Korean Society of Hypertension; Yook-Chin Chia, Malaysian Society of Hypertension; Tsolmon Unurjargal, Mongolian Society of Hypertension; Hye Kyung Park, National Institute of Food and Nutrition Service; Kolawole Wahab, Nigerian Hypertension Society; Helen McGuire, PATH; Narajargal J Dashdorj, Onom Foundation; Mohammed Ishaq, Pakistan Hypertension League; Deborah Ignacia D Ona, Philippine Society of Hypertension; Leilani B Mercado-Asis, World Hypertension League; Aleksander Prejbisz, Polish Society of Hypertension; Marianne Leenaerts, Primary Aldosteronism Foundation; Carla Simão, Portuguese Society of Paediatric Working Group on Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents; Fernando Pinto, Portuguese Society of Hypertension; Bader Ali Almustafa, Saudi Hypertension Management Society; Jonas Spaak, Swedish Society for Hypertension; Stefan Farsky, Slovak League Hypertens; Dragan Lovic, Serbian Society of Hypertension; Xin-Hua Zhang, World Hypertension League
• Language: English
• Date: 2022-05-17
• Publisher: SPRINGERNATURE
• Publication Version: Final Published Version
• Copyright Statement: © The Author(s) 2022
• License: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41371-022-00690-0
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: JOURNAL OF HUMAN HYPERTENSION
• Keywords: CLINICAL SALT; Science & Technology; PROCESSED FOOD; POTASSIUM-ENRICHED SALT; URINARY SODIUM; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; BASE-LINE; LOWER BLOOD-PRESSURE; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; HEALTH; Peripheral Vascular Disease; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; EXCRETION
• Research Categories: Health Sciences, Medicine and Surgery; Health Sciences, Public Health

Abstract

This fact sheet and global call to action is aimed at nutrition, hypertension, cardiovascular and other health care clinicians and scientists, and health advocates, as well as the organizations to which they belong. The ‘call’ is to align these audiences with the facts on: the burden of disease and key evidence supporting reductions in dietary sodium, the consistent recommendations for reducing dietary sodium from unbiased and comprehensive health and scientific reviews, the current levels of sodium intake, the cost savings expected from reducing high dietary sodium, the sources of controversial opinions, the current recommended approaches to reduce dietary sodium, and how to stay up to date with evidence on how to reduce dietary sodium and the evolving research on the adverse health effects of a high sodium intake.