Catastrophic Perforation in Streptococcus Pneumoniae Aortitis: Complications of Infective Endocarditis in the Current Antimicrobial Era.

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Sana Shaikh, Washington University in St. Louis; Jorge Pena Garcia, Emory University; Michelle Shieh, Presbyterian Rust Medical Center; Alexandre Lacasse, SSM St. Mary's Hospital
• Language: English
• Date: 2022
• Publisher: Elsevier
• Publication Version: Final Published Version
• Copyright Statement: © 2022 Greater Baltimore Medical Center
• License: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.55729/2000-9666.1009
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: J Community Hosp Intern Med Perspect
• Volume: 12
• Issue: 1
• Start Page: 48
• End Page: 53
• Grant/Funding Information: None
• Keywords: Antimicrobials; Surgery; Aortic perforation; Invasive pneumococcal disease; Infectious aortitis; Infective endocarditis; Aortitis; Streptococcus pneumoniae
• Research Categories: Health Sciences, Medicine and Surgery

Abstract

Infectious aortitis is an uncommon but life-threatening cause of aortitis. Given the lack of specific symptoms, establishing the diagnosis is often a challenge. When it is associated with an endovascular infection, such as infective endocarditis, blood cultures may be diagnostic although often limited by low positive predictive value. Imaging studies may reveal characteristic findings, with computerized tomography angiography being the most sensitive. Management includes prompt initiation of antimicrobial therapy followed by surgical intervention, keeping in mind that operative mortality is high due to weakened arterial wall integrity. Here we describe a 25-year-old woman without relevant medical history, who presented to the hospital with subacute onset of fever, back pain and malaise, and was found to have infectious aortitis secondary to Streptococcus pneumoniae endocarditis. Despite appropriate antimicrobial coverage and surgical repair attempts, she succumbed to aortic perforation after a complicated and prolonged hospitalization.