Association of Religious Service Attendance and Neuropsychiatric Symptoms, Cognitive Function, and Sleep Disturbances in All-Cause Dementia

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Katherine C Britt, University of Pennsylvania; Kathy C Richards, The University of Texas at Austin; Gayle Acton, The University of Texas at Austin; Jill Hamilton, Emory University; Kavita Radhakrishnan, The University of Texas at Austin
• Language: English
• Date: 2023-03-01
• Publisher: MDPI
• Publication Version: Final Published Version
• Copyright Statement: © 2023 by the authors.
• License: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20054300
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
• Volume: 20
• Issue: 5
• Grant/Funding Information: The National Institutes of Health funded the Health and Retirement Study, which was also supported by the National Institute on Aging (U01AG009740) and the Social Security Administration. The Aging, Demographics, and Memory Study was also supported by the National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging (U01AG009740).; The Article Processing Charge was funded by the authors. Jonas Philanthropy supports author K.C.B. as a Mental Health/Psychology Jonas Scholar, and K.C.B. was also supported by a T32 Postdoctoral Research Fellowship from the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Nursing Research (5T32-NR009356-14).
• Keywords: Humans; protective factors; religion; behavioral disturbances; Sleep; coping; Dementia; spirituality; Aged, 80 and over; older adults; Aged; HRS; Cognition; Alzheimer’s; Religion; Sleep Wake Disorders; Spirituality
• Research Categories: Health Sciences, Nursing

Abstract

Commonly reported in dementia, neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS), cognitive decline, and sleep disturbances indicate dementia progression. With the growing dementia burden, identifying protective factors that may slow dementia progression is increasingly essential. Religion and spirituality are associated with better mental and physical health, yet few studies have been reported in older adults with dementia. This study examines associations between religious service attendance and symptoms of dementia progression. Using data from the Health and Retirement Study in 2000, 2006, and 2008 and the sub-study, Aging, Demographics, and Memory Study in 2001–2003, 2006–2007, and 2008–2009, we examined the association of religious attendance with neuropsychiatric symptoms, cognitive function, and sleep disturbances among U.S. older adults aged 70 years and older with all-cause dementia (N = 72) using Spearman’s partial Rho correlation controlling for social interaction. Significant associations were identified for religious attendance and NPS (rs (97) = –0.124, 95% CI [–0.129, –0.119], p < 0.0005); cognitive function, rs (97) = –0.018, 95% CI [–0.023, –0.013], p < 0.001); and sleep disturbances, rs (97) = –0.275, 95% CI [–0.280, –0.271], p < 0.0005). Beyond adjusting for social interaction, increased religious attendance was associated with lower NPS, better cognitive function, and fewer sleep disturbances. Clinical trials and longitudinal studies with a larger sample size examining religion and spirituality factors with dementia progression are warranted.