Qualitative Evaluation Informs Understanding of Motor Cognition and Therapies in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: David Lazris, Emory University; Molly Perkins, Emory University; Allison A Bay, Emory University; Madeleine Hackney, Emory University
• Language: English
• Date: 2021-01-01
• Publisher: IOS PRESS
• Publication Version: Author Accepted Manuscript (After Peer Review)
• Copyright Statement: © 2021 – IOS Press. All rights reserved.
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/JAD-210617
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
• Volume: 84
• Issue: 2
• Start Page: 691
• End Page: 703
• Grant/Funding Information: The study was also supported by the Emory Center for Health in Aging.; This study was funded by the National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging, NIH/NIA R01 AG062691-01.
• Keywords: exercise; Neurosciences; cognitive impairment; DECLINE; EXECUTIVE FUNCTION; DUAL TASKING; patient engagement; INTERVENTIONS; ATTENTION; EXERCISE; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; Science & Technology; Alzheimer's disease; WORKING-MEMORY; BRAIN; motor cognition; patient's perspective; older adults; Neurosciences & Neurology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine

Abstract

Background: 10%to 20%of Americans aged 65 and older have mild cognitive impairment (MCI) with 10%progressing to Alzheimer's disease (AD) each year. Underserved groups, including African Americans (AAs), are among the most vulnerable to MCI and AD. Although evidence continues to amass, the benefits of exercise and movement for AD is still understudied in AD. Objective: Understanding the attitudes, perceptions, and beliefs about motor-cognitive integration and examining the physical activity of a sample of predominantly Black women community members with self-reported memory problems will allow improved recruitment and refinement of multimodal interventions designed to improve motor-cognitive and cognitive function. Methods: We conducted focus groups with older adults who reported subjective memory complaints (n=15; Black: n=12, White: n=3, mean age 71.7±5.8). Results: Findings from thematic analysis showed most participants knew of benefits of exercise. However, most participants reported not getting adequate exercise due to factors such as pain, increased responsibilities, and fear of injury. Despite barriers, participants expressed enthusiasm for multimodal interventions designed to target body and brain health and provided several suggestions to improve or enhance the proposed interventions. Conclusion: Results provide useful insights regarding improving participation among historically under-represented groups in clinical movement-based research. Participants' discussion focused primarily on the way motor-cognitive integration prevents falls, maintains memory, and provides a social benefit the reported perceived benefits and limitations of exercise, as this population understands it, can help researchers and physicians better engage the community for lifestyle changes that will support greater motor-cognitive health.