Effects of progesterone administration on infarct volume and functional deficits following permanent focal cerebral ischemia in rats

• Type of Material: Article
• Authors: Tauheed Ishrat, Emory University; Iqbal Sayeed, Emory University; Fahim Atif, Emory University; Donald G Stein, Emory University
• Language: English
• Date: 2009-02-27
• Publisher: Elsevier: 12 months
• Publication Version: Author Accepted Manuscript (After Peer Review)
• Copyright Statement: © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
• License: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommerical-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported
• Final Published Version (URL): http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2008.12.048
• Title of Journal or Parent Work: Brain Research
• ISSN: 0006-8993
• Volume: 1257
• Start Page: 94
• End Page: 101
• Grant/Funding Information: This work was supported by NIH grants R01 NS04851 and Rooms to Go Scholar award.
• Keywords: Progesterone; Permanent MCAO; Functional recovery; Brain damage; Infarct volume
• Research Categories: Biology, Neuroscience; Health Sciences, Rehabilitation and Therapy

Abstract

Recent experimental evidence indicates that progesterone (PROG) protects against various models of brain injury, including ischemic stroke. Most human studies of pharmacologic treatments for acute cerebral stroke have failed despite initial success in animal models. To simulate better the typical human stroke without reperfusion, the present study was conducted to examine the efficacy of PROG on infarct volume and functional outcome in a permanent model of stroke, using direct cauterization of the middle cerebral artery (MCA). Twenty-four male adult Sprague-Dawley rats underwent pMCAO by electro-coagulation and sham operation. After induction of permanent MCA occlusion (pMCAO), the rats received an initial intraperitoneal injection of PROG (8 mg/kg) or vehicle at 1h post-occlusion followed by subcutaneous injections at 6, 24 and 48 h. Functional deficits were tested on the rotarod and grip strength meter at 24, 48 and 72 h after pMCAO. The rats were killed 72 h after surgery and isolated brain was sectioned into coronal slices and stained with 2, 3, 5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC). PROG-treated rats showed a substantial reduction (54.05%) in the volume of the infarct (% contralateral hemisphere) compared to vehicle controls. In addition there was a significant improvement in ability to remain on an accelerating rotarod and increased grip strength observed in the pMCAO rats treated with PROG compared to vehicle. Taken together, these data indicate that PROG is beneficial in one of the best-characterized models of stroke, and may warrant further testing in future clinical trials for human stroke.